Critical reasoning scores of entering bachelor’s and master’s students in an occupational therapy program / Anita Witt MITCHELL in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 65/6 (novembre-décembre 2011)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 65/6 (novembre-décembre 2011) . - p. 720 Titre : Critical reasoning scores of entering bachelor’s and master’s students in an occupational therapy program Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Witt MITCHELL ; Yonghong Jade XU Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p. 720 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Compétence  Aide décision  Ergothérapie Résumé : We compared the critical reasoning (CR) of four classes of students entering a bachelor of occupational therapy program (n = 88) with the CR of five classes of students entering an entry-level master of occupational therapy program (n = 126) using the Watson–Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) and controlling for grade point average and reading comprehension as measured by the Nelson–Denny Reading Test. A multivariate analysis of covariance revealed a small but statistically significant difference between the groups’ CR scores. The univariate tests indicated that the groups differed with respect to their scores on one WGCTA subscale, Recognition of Assumptions; contrary to expectations, the bachelor’s students scored higher than the master’s students, although the effect size indicated small differences between the groups. Possible explanations for the findings and implications for occupational therapy education are discussed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14027 [article] Critical reasoning scores of entering bachelor’s and master’s students in an occupational therapy program [texte imprimé] / Anita Witt MITCHELL ; Yonghong Jade XU . - 2011 . - p. 720. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 65/6 (novembre-décembre 2011) . - p. 720 Mots-clés : Compétence  Aide décision  Ergothérapie Résumé : We compared the critical reasoning (CR) of four classes of students entering a bachelor of occupational therapy program (n = 88) with the CR of five classes of students entering an entry-level master of occupational therapy program (n = 126) using the Watson–Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) and controlling for grade point average and reading comprehension as measured by the Nelson–Denny Reading Test. A multivariate analysis of covariance revealed a small but statistically significant difference between the groups’ CR scores. The univariate tests indicated that the groups differed with respect to their scores on one WGCTA subscale, Recognition of Assumptions; contrary to expectations, the bachelor’s students scored higher than the master’s students, although the effect size indicated small differences between the groups. Possible explanations for the findings and implications for occupational therapy education are discussed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14027

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Influence of Task and Tool Characteristics on Scissor Skills in Typical Adults / Anita Witt MITCHELL in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 66/6 (novembre-décembre 2012)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 66/6 (novembre-décembre 2012) . - p. 737 Titre : Influence of Task and Tool Characteristics on Scissor Skills in Typical Adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Witt MITCHELL Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p. 737 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychomotricité  Fonction exécutive Résumé : To clarify expectations for mature cutting skills and investigate the influences of cutting task and scissor type, we videotaped 60 typical adults cutting three shapes with two different types of scissors. The videotapes were reviewed, and 38 aspects of grasp and cutting motions were rated. Percentages of participants who used a particular grip or cutting motion for each shape with each scissor type were reported and compared. Findings included variations in grasp that depended on the scissor type used and variations in cutting motions that depended on the shape being cut. Improved understanding of mature scissor skills and the effect of variations in the cutting task and scissor type used will allow more effective assessment of and intervention for children and adults with cutting difficulties. Specific implications for practice are discussed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14127 [article] Influence of Task and Tool Characteristics on Scissor Skills in Typical Adults [texte imprimé] / Anita Witt MITCHELL . - 2012 . - p. 737. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 66/6 (novembre-décembre 2012) . - p. 737 Mots-clés : Psychomotricité  Fonction exécutive Résumé : To clarify expectations for mature cutting skills and investigate the influences of cutting task and scissor type, we videotaped 60 typical adults cutting three shapes with two different types of scissors. The videotapes were reviewed, and 38 aspects of grasp and cutting motions were rated. Percentages of participants who used a particular grip or cutting motion for each shape with each scissor type were reported and compared. Findings included variations in grasp that depended on the scissor type used and variations in cutting motions that depended on the shape being cut. Improved understanding of mature scissor skills and the effect of variations in the cutting task and scissor type used will allow more effective assessment of and intervention for children and adults with cutting difficulties. Specific implications for practice are discussed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14127

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Longitudinal Study of Occupational Therapy Students’ Beliefs About Knowledge and Knowing / Anita Witt MITCHELL in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 69/2 (Mars/Avril 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 69/2 (Mars/Avril 2015) . - p.230010 Titre : Longitudinal Study of Occupational Therapy Students’ Beliefs About Knowledge and Knowing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Witt MITCHELL, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.230010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ergothérapie  Connaissance  Développement intellectuel  ElèveCognition  Culture  Education/professional  knowledge  occupational therapy  students Résumé : Research has demonstrated the importance of beliefs about knowledge and knowing, or epistemic and ontological cognition (EOC), to learning and achievement; however, little research has examined occupational therapy students’ EOC or determined whether occupational therapy programs promote its development. This study examined changes in EOC over 18 mo of didactic coursework in an occupational therapy program. Thirty-one students completed the Epistemic Beliefs Inventory at the beginning, middle, and end of 18 mo of didactic coursework. Results indicated no difference in ontological cognition. However, change occurred in epistemic cognition, with students demonstrating statistically significantly weaker beliefs in justification of knowledge by an omniscient authority by the end of the didactic portion of the program. Although causal inferences cannot be made from this small study of one cohort of occupational therapy students, it is possible that intensive study in the discipline of occupational therapy contributed to change in these students’ epistemic cognition. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35870 [article] Longitudinal Study of Occupational Therapy Students’ Beliefs About Knowledge and Knowing [texte imprimé] / Anita Witt MITCHELL, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.230010. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 69/2 (Mars/Avril 2015) . - p.230010 Mots-clés : Ergothérapie  Connaissance  Développement intellectuel  ElèveCognition  Culture  Education/professional  knowledge  occupational therapy  students Résumé : Research has demonstrated the importance of beliefs about knowledge and knowing, or epistemic and ontological cognition (EOC), to learning and achievement; however, little research has examined occupational therapy students’ EOC or determined whether occupational therapy programs promote its development. This study examined changes in EOC over 18 mo of didactic coursework in an occupational therapy program. Thirty-one students completed the Epistemic Beliefs Inventory at the beginning, middle, and end of 18 mo of didactic coursework. Results indicated no difference in ontological cognition. However, change occurred in epistemic cognition, with students demonstrating statistically significantly weaker beliefs in justification of knowledge by an omniscient authority by the end of the didactic portion of the program. Although causal inferences cannot be made from this small study of one cohort of occupational therapy students, it is possible that intensive study in the discipline of occupational therapy contributed to change in these students’ epistemic cognition. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35870

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Sensory Processing Disorder in Children Ages Birth–3 Years Born Prematurely / Anita Witt MITCHELL in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 69/1 (janvier-février 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 69/1 (janvier-février 2015) Titre : Sensory Processing Disorder in Children Ages Birth–3 Years Born Prematurely : A Systematic Review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anita Witt MITCHELL ; Elizabeth M. MOORE ; Emily J. ROBERTS ; et al. Année de publication : 2015 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Prématurité  Revue de littérature  Handicap sensoriel  Enfant Résumé : This systematic review of multidisciplinary literature synthesizes evidence of the prevalence and patterns of sensory processing disorder (SPD) in children ages birth–3 yr born preterm. Forty-five articles including physiological, behavioral, temperament, and SPD research met the inclusion criteria and provided 295 findings related to SPD—130 (44%) positive (evidence of SPD) and 165 (56%) negative (no evidence of SPD). The majority of findings related to sensory modulation disorder (SMD; 43% positive). The most prevalent subcategory of SMD was sensory overresponsivity (82% of findings positive). Evidence of sensory underresponsivity and sensory-seeking SMD, sensory discrimination disorder, and sensory-based motor disorder was limited. This study supports the education of neonatologists, pediatricians, and caregivers about the symptoms and potential consequences of SPD and helps justify the need for follow-up screening for SPD in children ages birth–3 yr born preterm. Research using measures based on sensory processing theory is needed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35341 [article] Sensory Processing Disorder in Children Ages Birth–3 Years Born Prematurely : A Systematic Review [texte imprimé] / Anita Witt MITCHELL ; Elizabeth M. MOORE ; Emily J. ROBERTS ; et al. . - 2015. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 69/1 (janvier-février 2015) Mots-clés : Prématurité  Revue de littérature  Handicap sensoriel  Enfant Résumé : This systematic review of multidisciplinary literature synthesizes evidence of the prevalence and patterns of sensory processing disorder (SPD) in children ages birth–3 yr born preterm. Forty-five articles including physiological, behavioral, temperament, and SPD research met the inclusion criteria and provided 295 findings related to SPD—130 (44%) positive (evidence of SPD) and 165 (56%) negative (no evidence of SPD). The majority of findings related to sensory modulation disorder (SMD; 43% positive). The most prevalent subcategory of SMD was sensory overresponsivity (82% of findings positive). Evidence of sensory underresponsivity and sensory-seeking SMD, sensory discrimination disorder, and sensory-based motor disorder was limited. This study supports the education of neonatologists, pediatricians, and caregivers about the symptoms and potential consequences of SPD and helps justify the need for follow-up screening for SPD in children ages birth–3 yr born preterm. Research using measures based on sensory processing theory is needed. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=35341

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