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Using drawings of pain-related images to understand the experience of chronic pain: A qualitative study / Joanna Phillips in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.404-411 Titre : Using drawings of pain-related images to understand the experience of chronic pain: A qualitative study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joanna Phillips, Auteur ; Jane Ogden, Auteur ; Claire Copland, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.404-411 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Chronic pain  imagery  drawing  illness perceptions  cognitions Résumé : Introduction This study aimed to use drawing as a means to explore the content of pain-related images in a sample of people with chronic pain. Method Adults (n = 90) attending three United Kingdom National Health Service pain clinics were asked to bring to mind and draw an image of their pain. Drawings were analysed using critical visual analysis methodology. Results Fifty-four participants drew a picture of their pain. Drawings were vivid, emotionally charged and included catastrophic interpretations of pain. Image content was described using three main themes: pain as an attacker, the nature of pain (pain sensations, timeline, pain location) and the impact of pain (pain as a barrier, being trapped by pain and the future with pain). Drawings reflected different perspectives taken in the image, with images of the person themselves in pain (as if seen through the eyes of an observer) evoking a sense of helplessness and isolation. Conclusion Pain-related images can provide a valuable insight into people’s pain worlds, with images reflecting pain cognitions and barriers to recovery. Clinicians may find drawing a helpful tool in the assessment and management of chronic pain, enabling a visual and shareable language for pain. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40379 [article] Using drawings of pain-related images to understand the experience of chronic pain: A qualitative study [texte imprimé] / Joanna Phillips, Auteur ; Jane Ogden, Auteur ; Claire Copland, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.404-411. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.404-411 Mots-clés : Chronic pain  imagery  drawing  illness perceptions  cognitions Résumé : Introduction This study aimed to use drawing as a means to explore the content of pain-related images in a sample of people with chronic pain. Method Adults (n = 90) attending three United Kingdom National Health Service pain clinics were asked to bring to mind and draw an image of their pain. Drawings were analysed using critical visual analysis methodology. Results Fifty-four participants drew a picture of their pain. Drawings were vivid, emotionally charged and included catastrophic interpretations of pain. Image content was described using three main themes: pain as an attacker, the nature of pain (pain sensations, timeline, pain location) and the impact of pain (pain as a barrier, being trapped by pain and the future with pain). Drawings reflected different perspectives taken in the image, with images of the person themselves in pain (as if seen through the eyes of an observer) evoking a sense of helplessness and isolation. Conclusion Pain-related images can provide a valuable insight into people’s pain worlds, with images reflecting pain cognitions and barriers to recovery. Clinicians may find drawing a helpful tool in the assessment and management of chronic pain, enabling a visual and shareable language for pain. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40379

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Understanding the occupational performance experiences of individuals with low vision / Sarah E. Blaylock in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.412-421 Titre : Understanding the occupational performance experiences of individuals with low vision Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah E. Blaylock, Auteur ; Beth A. Barstow, Auteur ; Laura K. Vogtle, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.412-421 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Activities of daily living  leisure  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Occupational therapy practitioners who provide interventions for adults with low vision need to understand challenges with occupational performance from the individual’s perspective in order to implement effective treatment. The purpose of this study was to understand self-described occupational behaviors of persons with low vision. Method This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews regarding the occupational experiences of 22 individuals with varying levels of vision impairment. Transcribed data were organized according to the areas of occupation reported in the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Practice Framework. Results Participants described occupational performance of activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and leisure. Within each area of occupation, participants reported lighting, contrast, familiarity, and organization within the environment as facilitators or barriers to participation. Participants with increased vision loss relied heavily on assistive devices, task simplification, and others to perform desired occupations. Conclusion The information obtained in this study can assist practitioners in selecting more effective interventions to increase the independence and safety of individuals with low vision. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40380 [article] Understanding the occupational performance experiences of individuals with low vision [texte imprimé] / Sarah E. Blaylock, Auteur ; Beth A. Barstow, Auteur ; Laura K. Vogtle, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.412-421. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.412-421 Mots-clés : Activities of daily living  leisure  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Occupational therapy practitioners who provide interventions for adults with low vision need to understand challenges with occupational performance from the individual’s perspective in order to implement effective treatment. The purpose of this study was to understand self-described occupational behaviors of persons with low vision. Method This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews regarding the occupational experiences of 22 individuals with varying levels of vision impairment. Transcribed data were organized according to the areas of occupation reported in the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Practice Framework. Results Participants described occupational performance of activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, and leisure. Within each area of occupation, participants reported lighting, contrast, familiarity, and organization within the environment as facilitators or barriers to participation. Participants with increased vision loss relied heavily on assistive devices, task simplification, and others to perform desired occupations. Conclusion The information obtained in this study can assist practitioners in selecting more effective interventions to increase the independence and safety of individuals with low vision. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40380

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An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke living in care homes in the United Kingdom: A content analysis of occupational therapy records from the OTCH trial / Gina Sands in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.422-430 Titre : An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke living in care homes in the United Kingdom: A content analysis of occupational therapy records from the OTCH trial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gina Sands, Auteur ; Debbie Kelly, Auteur ; Joanna Fletcher-Smith, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.422-430 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Stroke  care homes  content analysis  goal-setting  assessment  activities of daily living Résumé : Introduction This study aimed to describe the content of occupational therapy delivered in a randomized controlled trial of United Kingdom care home residents with stroke (The Occupational Therapy in Care Homes (OTCH) trial). The trial intervention aimed to maintain or improve residents’ activity levels in relation to personal activities of daily living and mobility. Method A qualitative design was adopted using content analysis to thematically code and analyse the occupational therapy notes of residents in the intervention arm of the trial. Treatment notes comprised of an initial assessment, a goal and treatment plan and a description of activities at each visit. A purposive sample of 50 sets of therapy notes was selected reflecting the geographical locations, care home types and resident characteristics observed in the OTCH trial intervention group. Findings Occupational therapists individually assessed residents’ function and goals. Planning was sometimes client-centred, but not all residents were able to share personal goals. Carers impacted on the success of the intervention. Treatment outcomes in relation to increasing functional activity were noted in some cases, but not always fully realized in this frail population. Conclusion Increasing functional activity is challenging in care home populations; future studies should assess occupational therapy for residents in relation to leisure or social activities. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40381 [article] An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke living in care homes in the United Kingdom: A content analysis of occupational therapy records from the OTCH trial [texte imprimé] / Gina Sands, Auteur ; Debbie Kelly, Auteur ; Joanna Fletcher-Smith, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.422-430. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.422-430 Mots-clés : Stroke  care homes  content analysis  goal-setting  assessment  activities of daily living Résumé : Introduction This study aimed to describe the content of occupational therapy delivered in a randomized controlled trial of United Kingdom care home residents with stroke (The Occupational Therapy in Care Homes (OTCH) trial). The trial intervention aimed to maintain or improve residents’ activity levels in relation to personal activities of daily living and mobility. Method A qualitative design was adopted using content analysis to thematically code and analyse the occupational therapy notes of residents in the intervention arm of the trial. Treatment notes comprised of an initial assessment, a goal and treatment plan and a description of activities at each visit. A purposive sample of 50 sets of therapy notes was selected reflecting the geographical locations, care home types and resident characteristics observed in the OTCH trial intervention group. Findings Occupational therapists individually assessed residents’ function and goals. Planning was sometimes client-centred, but not all residents were able to share personal goals. Carers impacted on the success of the intervention. Treatment outcomes in relation to increasing functional activity were noted in some cases, but not always fully realized in this frail population. Conclusion Increasing functional activity is challenging in care home populations; future studies should assess occupational therapy for residents in relation to leisure or social activities. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40381

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Maintaining occupation-based practice in Australian mental health practice: A critical stance / Samantha Ashby in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.431-439 Titre : Maintaining occupation-based practice in Australian mental health practice: A critical stance Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samantha Ashby, Auteur ; Mel Gray, Auteur ; Susan Ryan, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.431-439 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  professional identity  personal paradigms Résumé : Introduction This paper explores the way dominant discourses, and their associated practice knowledge dimensions, shape personal paradigms and occupation-based practice in mental health workplaces. Method Narrative inquiry methods and narrative thematic analysis was used to explore the career stories of nine occupational therapists who had worked in mental health practice for more than five years. Findings The main narrative themes to emerge were (i) living with the biomedical practice knowledge discourse, (ii) living with the psychological practice knowledge discourse and (iii) reflection as a strategy for maintaining occupation-based practice. These discourses created the need to reflect on practice and adopt strategies to avoid the marginalisation of occupational perspectives and occupation-based practice. The strategies used to cope with these discourses varied from acceptance and embracing of other discourses to resistance and rejection. Conclusion This paper demonstrates that in some mental health workplaces there is a danger that occupational perspectives and occupation-based practice can become marginalised. Making visible the different discourses in mental health practice allows occupational therapists to analyse, better understand, and live with the tensions in their professional lives. This requires professional support strategies to be in place to maintain occupation-based practices and retain practitioners in the workforce. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40382 [article] Maintaining occupation-based practice in Australian mental health practice: A critical stance [texte imprimé] / Samantha Ashby, Auteur ; Mel Gray, Auteur ; Susan Ryan, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.431-439. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.431-439 Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  professional identity  personal paradigms Résumé : Introduction This paper explores the way dominant discourses, and their associated practice knowledge dimensions, shape personal paradigms and occupation-based practice in mental health workplaces. Method Narrative inquiry methods and narrative thematic analysis was used to explore the career stories of nine occupational therapists who had worked in mental health practice for more than five years. Findings The main narrative themes to emerge were (i) living with the biomedical practice knowledge discourse, (ii) living with the psychological practice knowledge discourse and (iii) reflection as a strategy for maintaining occupation-based practice. These discourses created the need to reflect on practice and adopt strategies to avoid the marginalisation of occupational perspectives and occupation-based practice. The strategies used to cope with these discourses varied from acceptance and embracing of other discourses to resistance and rejection. Conclusion This paper demonstrates that in some mental health workplaces there is a danger that occupational perspectives and occupation-based practice can become marginalised. Making visible the different discourses in mental health practice allows occupational therapists to analyse, better understand, and live with the tensions in their professional lives. This requires professional support strategies to be in place to maintain occupation-based practices and retain practitioners in the workforce. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40382

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Focus on participation for children and youth with disabilities: Supporting therapy practice through a guided knowledge translation process / Dana Anaby in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.440-449 Titre : Focus on participation for children and youth with disabilities: Supporting therapy practice through a guided knowledge translation process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dana Anaby, Auteur ; Nicol Korner-Bitensky, Auteur ; Mary C. Law, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.440-449 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Community  leisure  implementation study  rehabilitation practices  childhood disability Résumé : Introduction Participation in community leisure occupations of children with disabilities is important, yet poorly integrated into practice. This knowledge translation strategy tested an intervention to increase clinicians' awareness and to bring about change in practice toward a focus on participation. Method During this qualitative study, 14 clinicians participated in six learning sessions facilitated by a knowledge broker. Three months post-intervention, clinicians were individually interviewed, by drawing on the Professional Evaluation and Reflection on Change Tool, to evaluate potential change in practice. Two researchers independently performed thematic data analysis. Results Impact on practice emerged in both the personal and professional levels (for example, empowerment, validation of clinical wisdom, change in thinking and behavior). Clinicians suggested strategies for integrating participation in their day-to-day practice, illustrating a substantial intention for change, while describing barriers and facilitators for implementation (for example, organizational mandate). Two additional themes described the overall experience of the intervention: motivation to learn (for example, desire to link research to practice) and elements of the learning environment (for example, meeting informational needs). Conclusion This strategy was effective in redirecting clinicians' focus toward the notion of participation and establishing readiness for change. This shift can potentially facilitate new programs in occupational therapy that are participation-based and community-focused. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40383 [article] Focus on participation for children and youth with disabilities: Supporting therapy practice through a guided knowledge translation process [texte imprimé] / Dana Anaby, Auteur ; Nicol Korner-Bitensky, Auteur ; Mary C. Law, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.440-449. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.440-449 Mots-clés : Community  leisure  implementation study  rehabilitation practices  childhood disability Résumé : Introduction Participation in community leisure occupations of children with disabilities is important, yet poorly integrated into practice. This knowledge translation strategy tested an intervention to increase clinicians' awareness and to bring about change in practice toward a focus on participation. Method During this qualitative study, 14 clinicians participated in six learning sessions facilitated by a knowledge broker. Three months post-intervention, clinicians were individually interviewed, by drawing on the Professional Evaluation and Reflection on Change Tool, to evaluate potential change in practice. Two researchers independently performed thematic data analysis. Results Impact on practice emerged in both the personal and professional levels (for example, empowerment, validation of clinical wisdom, change in thinking and behavior). Clinicians suggested strategies for integrating participation in their day-to-day practice, illustrating a substantial intention for change, while describing barriers and facilitators for implementation (for example, organizational mandate). Two additional themes described the overall experience of the intervention: motivation to learn (for example, desire to link research to practice) and elements of the learning environment (for example, meeting informational needs). Conclusion This strategy was effective in redirecting clinicians' focus toward the notion of participation and establishing readiness for change. This shift can potentially facilitate new programs in occupational therapy that are participation-based and community-focused. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40383

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Co-occupations: The caregiving challenges of mothers of children with cerebral palsy / Hamid Dalvand in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.450-459 Titre : Co-occupations: The caregiving challenges of mothers of children with cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hamid Dalvand, Auteur ; Seyyed Ali Hosseini, Auteur ; Mehdi Rassafiani, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.450-459 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children  cerebral palsy  co-occupation  caring  constant comparative analysis Résumé : ntroduction This study was conducted in an Iranian context to explore the co-occupations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy as experienced by them. Method This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis methodology. Sixteen mothers of children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. Data was collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Constant comparative analysis was deployed for data analysis. Results The results were classified into nine sub-categories and four main categories that were identified as (1) coping with self-care problems, (2) effort to gain treatment follow-up, (3) coping challenges of educational care, and (4) limited parental personal leisure time. Conclusion Understanding the challenges of caring for a child with cerebral palsy and the experiences of mothers when engaging in co-occupations with their child, provides a broader perspective of the potential impact on participation and engagement of mothers. However, more research is required to understand the various factors influencing participation and co-occupations and interaction effects between these factors. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40384 [article] Co-occupations: The caregiving challenges of mothers of children with cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Hamid Dalvand, Auteur ; Seyyed Ali Hosseini, Auteur ; Mehdi Rassafiani, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.450-459. Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Volume 78 numéro 7 (Juillet 2015) . - p.450-459 Mots-clés : Children  cerebral palsy  co-occupation  caring  constant comparative analysis Résumé : ntroduction This study was conducted in an Iranian context to explore the co-occupations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy as experienced by them. Method This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis methodology. Sixteen mothers of children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. Data was collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Constant comparative analysis was deployed for data analysis. Results The results were classified into nine sub-categories and four main categories that were identified as (1) coping with self-care problems, (2) effort to gain treatment follow-up, (3) coping challenges of educational care, and (4) limited parental personal leisure time. Conclusion Understanding the challenges of caring for a child with cerebral palsy and the experiences of mothers when engaging in co-occupations with their child, provides a broader perspective of the potential impact on participation and engagement of mothers. However, more research is required to understand the various factors influencing participation and co-occupations and interaction effects between these factors. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=40384

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