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Focal brainstem infarction in the adult rat / Ai Namioka in LabAnimal, 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5)
[article]
Titre : Focal brainstem infarction in the adult rat Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ai Namioka ; Takahiro Namiokai ; Masanori Sasak ; et al. Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 23-36 Note générale : DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00722-1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Brain Stem Infarctions Disease Models, Animal Female Humans Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Stroke Résumé : Animal models are required to study the pathogenesis of brainstem ischemia and to develop new therapeutic approaches to promote functional recovery after ischemia in humans. Few models of brainstem ischemia are available, and they show great variability or cause early lethality. New, reliable animal models are therefore needed. By selectively ligating four points of the lower basilar artery, we developed a new focal basilar artery occlusion model that causes a localized brainstem ischemic lesion in female Sprague–Dawley rats. Analysis of ischemic lesion volume and neurological deficits over a period of 28 d showed that the rats present symptoms specific to this type of stroke while the ischemic lesion remains relatively unchanged over time. This procedure allows higher survival rates and extended observation periods compared with other models of brainstem ischemia. The procedure takes ~40 min, can be performed by researchers with basic surgical skills and does not require specialized surgical equipment. This protocol is highly reliable and will be useful to evaluate new therapeutic approaches to promote functional recovery in patients with brainstem ischemia. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94504
in LabAnimal > 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5) . - p. 23-36[article] Focal brainstem infarction in the adult rat [texte imprimé] / Ai Namioka ; Takahiro Namiokai ; Masanori Sasak ; et al. . - 2021 . - p. 23-36.
DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00722-1
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5) . - p. 23-36
Mots-clés : Animals Brain Stem Infarctions Disease Models, Animal Female Humans Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Stroke Résumé : Animal models are required to study the pathogenesis of brainstem ischemia and to develop new therapeutic approaches to promote functional recovery after ischemia in humans. Few models of brainstem ischemia are available, and they show great variability or cause early lethality. New, reliable animal models are therefore needed. By selectively ligating four points of the lower basilar artery, we developed a new focal basilar artery occlusion model that causes a localized brainstem ischemic lesion in female Sprague–Dawley rats. Analysis of ischemic lesion volume and neurological deficits over a period of 28 d showed that the rats present symptoms specific to this type of stroke while the ischemic lesion remains relatively unchanged over time. This procedure allows higher survival rates and extended observation periods compared with other models of brainstem ischemia. The procedure takes ~40 min, can be performed by researchers with basic surgical skills and does not require specialized surgical equipment. This protocol is highly reliable and will be useful to evaluate new therapeutic approaches to promote functional recovery in patients with brainstem ischemia. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94504 Réservation
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DisponibleC. elegans: A biosensor for host–microbe interactions / Cassandra Backes in LabAnimal, 06/21 (June 2021 N°6)
[article]
Titre : C. elegans: A biosensor for host–microbe interactions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cassandra Backes ; Daniel Martinez-Martinez ; Filipe Cabreiro Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 15-26 Note générale : DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-021-00724-z Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Biosensing Techniques Caenorhabditis elegans Humans Microbiota Résumé : Microbes are an integral part of life on this planet. Microbes and their hosts influence each other in an endless dance that shapes how the meta-organism interacts with its environment. Although great advances have been made in microbiome research over the past 20 years, the mechanisms by which both hosts and their microbes interact with each other and the environment are still not well understood. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been widely used as a model organism to study a remarkable number of human-like processes. Recent evidence shows that the worm is a powerful tool to investigate in fine detail the complexity that exists in microbe–host interactions. By combining the large array of genetic tools available for both organisms together with deep phenotyping approaches, it has been possible to uncover key effectors in the complex relationship between microbes and their hosts. In this perspective, we survey the literature for insightful discoveries in the microbiome field using the worm as a model. We discuss the latest conceptual and technological advances in the field and highlight the strengths that make C. elegans a valuable biosensor tool for the study of microbe–host interactions. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94508
in LabAnimal > 06/21 (June 2021 N°6) . - p. 15-26[article] C. elegans: A biosensor for host–microbe interactions [texte imprimé] / Cassandra Backes ; Daniel Martinez-Martinez ; Filipe Cabreiro . - 2021 . - p. 15-26.
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-021-00724-z
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > 06/21 (June 2021 N°6) . - p. 15-26
Mots-clés : Animals Biosensing Techniques Caenorhabditis elegans Humans Microbiota Résumé : Microbes are an integral part of life on this planet. Microbes and their hosts influence each other in an endless dance that shapes how the meta-organism interacts with its environment. Although great advances have been made in microbiome research over the past 20 years, the mechanisms by which both hosts and their microbes interact with each other and the environment are still not well understood. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been widely used as a model organism to study a remarkable number of human-like processes. Recent evidence shows that the worm is a powerful tool to investigate in fine detail the complexity that exists in microbe–host interactions. By combining the large array of genetic tools available for both organisms together with deep phenotyping approaches, it has been possible to uncover key effectors in the complex relationship between microbes and their hosts. In this perspective, we survey the literature for insightful discoveries in the microbiome field using the worm as a model. We discuss the latest conceptual and technological advances in the field and highlight the strengths that make C. elegans a valuable biosensor tool for the study of microbe–host interactions. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94508 Réservation
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DisponibleCompanion canines hold clues for cancer research / Alla Katsnelson in LabAnimal, 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5)
[article]
Titre : Companion canines hold clues for cancer research Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alla Katsnelson Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 20-22 Note générale : DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00741-y Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Dogs Humans Models, Animal Neoplasms Pets Research Résumé : Research using pet dogs as animal models of cancer is helping to inform treatments for human patients — and vice versa. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00741-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94503
in LabAnimal > 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5) . - p. 20-22[article] Companion canines hold clues for cancer research [texte imprimé] / Alla Katsnelson . - 2021 . - p. 20-22.
DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00741-y
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > 05/21 (May 2021 Vol. 21 N°5) . - p. 20-22
Mots-clés : Animals Dogs Humans Models, Animal Neoplasms Pets Research Résumé : Research using pet dogs as animal models of cancer is helping to inform treatments for human patients — and vice versa. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00741-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94503 Réservation
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DisponibleDevelopment and characterization of a new swine model of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia / Rosanel Amaro in LabAnimal, Vol. 21 N°12 (December 2021)
[article]
Titre : Development and characterization of a new swine model of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rosanel Amaro ; Gianluigi Li Bassi ; Ana Motos ; et al. Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 30-41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use Drug Resistance, Bacterial Humans Macrolides / pharmacology Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / drug therapy Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / veterinary Streptococcus pneumoniae Swine Résumé : Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common microbial cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, there are no available models of severe pneumococcal pneumonia in mechanically ventilated animals to mimic clinical conditions of critically ill patients. We studied endogenous pulmonary flora in 4 healthy pigs and in an additional 10 pigs in which we intra-bronchially instilled S. pneumoniae serotype 19 A, characterized by its resistance to penicillin, macrolides and tetracyclines. The pigs underwent ventilation for 72 h. All pigs that were not challenged with S. pneumoniae completed the 72-h study, whereas 30% of infected pigs did not. At 24 h, we clinically confirmed pneumonia in the infected pigs; upon necropsy, we sampled lung tissue for microbiological/histological confirmation of pneumococcal pneumonia. In control pigs, Streptococcus suis and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly encountered pathogens, and their lung tissue mean ± s.e.m. concentration was 7.94 ± 20 c.f.u./g. In infected pigs, S. pneumoniae was found in the lungs of all pigs (mean ± s.e.m. pulmonary concentration of 1.26 × 105 ± 2 × 102 c.f.u./g). Bacteremia was found in 50% of infected pigs. Pneumococcal pneumonia was confirmed in all infected pigs at 24 h. Pneumonia was associated with thrombocytopenia, an increase in prothrombin time, cardiac output and vasopressor dependency index and a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Upon necropsy, microbiological/histological pneumococcal pneumonia was confirmed in 8 of 10 pigs. We have therefore developed a novel model of penicillin- and macrolide-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia in mechanically ventilated pigs with bacteremia and severe hemodynamic compromise. The model could prove valuable for appraising the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia, the effects associated with macrolide resistance and the outcomes related to the use of new diagnostic strategies and antibiotic or complementary therapies. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00876-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99014
in LabAnimal > Vol. 21 N°12 (December 2021) . - p. 30-41[article] Development and characterization of a new swine model of invasive pneumococcal pneumonia [texte imprimé] / Rosanel Amaro ; Gianluigi Li Bassi ; Ana Motos ; et al. . - 2021 . - p. 30-41.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > Vol. 21 N°12 (December 2021) . - p. 30-41
Mots-clés : Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use Drug Resistance, Bacterial Humans Macrolides / pharmacology Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / drug therapy Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / veterinary Streptococcus pneumoniae Swine Résumé : Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common microbial cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, there are no available models of severe pneumococcal pneumonia in mechanically ventilated animals to mimic clinical conditions of critically ill patients. We studied endogenous pulmonary flora in 4 healthy pigs and in an additional 10 pigs in which we intra-bronchially instilled S. pneumoniae serotype 19 A, characterized by its resistance to penicillin, macrolides and tetracyclines. The pigs underwent ventilation for 72 h. All pigs that were not challenged with S. pneumoniae completed the 72-h study, whereas 30% of infected pigs did not. At 24 h, we clinically confirmed pneumonia in the infected pigs; upon necropsy, we sampled lung tissue for microbiological/histological confirmation of pneumococcal pneumonia. In control pigs, Streptococcus suis and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly encountered pathogens, and their lung tissue mean ± s.e.m. concentration was 7.94 ± 20 c.f.u./g. In infected pigs, S. pneumoniae was found in the lungs of all pigs (mean ± s.e.m. pulmonary concentration of 1.26 × 105 ± 2 × 102 c.f.u./g). Bacteremia was found in 50% of infected pigs. Pneumococcal pneumonia was confirmed in all infected pigs at 24 h. Pneumonia was associated with thrombocytopenia, an increase in prothrombin time, cardiac output and vasopressor dependency index and a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Upon necropsy, microbiological/histological pneumococcal pneumonia was confirmed in 8 of 10 pigs. We have therefore developed a novel model of penicillin- and macrolide-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia in mechanically ventilated pigs with bacteremia and severe hemodynamic compromise. The model could prove valuable for appraising the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia, the effects associated with macrolide resistance and the outcomes related to the use of new diagnostic strategies and antibiotic or complementary therapies. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00876-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99014 Réservation
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DisponibleKeeping an eye on the human-animal interface / Ellen P. Neff in LabAnimal, 04/21 (Avril 2021 vol. 21 N°4)
[article]
Titre : Keeping an eye on the human-animal interface Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ellen P. Neff Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p. 28-32 Note générale : DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00725-y Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animal Welfare Animals Humans Résumé : A look at viral surveillance and how researchers and veterinarians identify what animals may be susceptible to different viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00725-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94500
in LabAnimal > 04/21 (Avril 2021 vol. 21 N°4) . - p. 28-32[article] Keeping an eye on the human-animal interface [texte imprimé] / Ellen P. Neff . - 2021 . - p. 28-32.
DOI: 10.1038/s41684-021-00725-y
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > 04/21 (Avril 2021 vol. 21 N°4) . - p. 28-32
Mots-clés : Animal Welfare Animals Humans Résumé : A look at viral surveillance and how researchers and veterinarians identify what animals may be susceptible to different viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-021-00725-y Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94500 Réservation
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DisponiblePermalinkNonhuman primate models for SARS-CoV-2 research: Consider alternatives to macaques / Michael C. Chang in LabAnimal, 06/21 (June 2021 N°6)
PermalinkThe impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on the genetic integrity of your mouse colonies / Natalia Moncaut in LabAnimal, Vol. 21 N°12 (December 2021)
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