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Auteur CHARLOTTE SCHRURS |
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Contraceptive methods for free-ranging and captive large carnivores in the Western Cape (South Africa): a comparative study case in Gondwana Reserve and Jukani Wildlife Sanctuary / CHARLOTTE SCHRURS
Titre : Contraceptive methods for free-ranging and captive large carnivores in the Western Cape (South Africa): a comparative study case in Gondwana Reserve and Jukani Wildlife Sanctuary Type de document : TFE / Mémoire Auteurs : CHARLOTTE SCHRURS, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Note générale : Le fichier numérique de ce document est disponible uniquement pour les membres de la Haute Ecole Louvain-en-Hainaut ainsi que ses étudiants. Veuillez-vous connecter pour accéder à votre compte lecteur Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : AGRONOMIE TA Afrique du Sud carnivores réserve Gondwana Jukani wildlife sanctuary lions Index. décimale : TFE Technologie animalière TFE Technologie animalière Résumé : Most reserves in South Africa would tend to choose a hands-off management of their
large predators like lions. However, in a conservation perspective it is not always
easy to let nature rule it all. Indeed, lions are creatures that show high breeding
patterns. In such open reserves, there is a significant lack of direct competitors. This
generates a high survival rate of cubs and puts a significant pressure on the
environment, fauna and other smaller preys.
South African managers must come with a sustainable solution for a control of their
lion population. This population control has four aims: to prevent overpopulation, to
avoid prey decline, to prevail potential inbreeding and lastly to discourage illegal and
amoral practices involving lions. The carrying capacity is an essential equation to
help manage a healthy amount of lions. This tool can be calculated by summing up
several factors: the lion population on adapted contraceptives, fauna, flora and
smaller preys on a given space. Only then once the number of lions is calculated, can
a suitable contraceptive method be put in place. This study case focused on a Big 5
Reserve in the Western Cape. In the past they used Deslorelin implants. Soon after,
the reserve and vet team opted for hemi-hysterectomy surgeries for several reasons
mainly linked to: the animal’s health, the litter size and the fast growing hunting
industry.
The situation is quite different for captive lions in wildlife sanctuaries. With sad lion
abuse stories, no hunting skills or fear of humans, a release into the wild can’t be
considered. The contraceptive method needs to insure no breeding at all and to
minimize dangerous hormonal behavior. This study case targets a wildlife sanctuary
located on the Garden Route. Their contraceptive program combines two methods:
Deslorelin implants along with vasectomy surgeries. These methods have shown
throughout the years positive results. With fast evolving technologies and ongoing
researches, it is most certain that alternative contraceptive methods for carnivores and
other species will be of topic in the next decades. This is currently in progress as
regards to immuno-contraception among carnivores for instance.
Contraception enables a close and healthy management of a specific number of lions.
This narrowly participates to their health, the nourishing of the tourism industry and
maintaining African ecosystems for the years to come. (32)Note de contenu : Table of contents
Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………….......
Internship placement ......................................................................................................5
Introduction ....................................................................................................................7
Preliminary notes ...........................................................................................................9
Chapter 1: Study case on free-ranging lions in Gondwana Reserve ............................17
1.1 History of the Reserve ............................................................................................17
1.2 Objectives of Gondwana ........................................................................................18
1.3 Carrying capacity and wildlife management ..........................................................20
1.4 Focus on a keystone species: the lion ....................................................................22
1.4.1 Genealogy and history of Gondwana lions .........................................................23
1.4.2 Previous contraceptive method ...........................................................................28
1.4.3 Field capture ........................................................................................................29
1.4.4 Pharmacology ......................................................................................................39
1.4.5 Surgery environment of hemi hysterectomy surgery ..........................................45
1.4.6 Clinical procedure ...............................................................................................46
1.4.7 Follow up care .....................................................................................................49
Chapter 2: Study case on captive lions of Jukani Wildlife sanctuary ..........................51
2.1 History of the sanctuary .........................................................................................51
2.2 Objectives of Jukani ...............................................................................................52
2.3 Carrying capacity and wildlife management ..........................................................53
2.4 Focus on one keystone species: the lion ................................................................54
2.4.1 Genealogy and history of selected lions ..............................................................54
2.4.2 Jukani’s contraceptive method ............................................................................55
2.4.3 Field capture ........................................................................................................58
2.4.4 Pharmacology ......................................................................................................59
2.4.5 Surgery environment for interventions ...............................................................59
2.4.6 Clinical procedure of contraceptive method .......................................................60
2.4.7 Follow up care .....................................................................................................61
Chapter 3: Strengths and weaknesses analysis of hemi-hysterectomies method versus
Deslorelin implants ......................................................................................................63
3.1 Weaknesses ............................................................................................................63
3.1.1 Weaknesses for the animal’s health ....................................................................63
3.1.2 Weaknesses for the manager ...............................................................................64
3.2.3 Weaknesses for conservation and future generations .........................................64
3.2.1 Strengths for the animal’s health .........................................................................64
3.2.2 Strengths for the manager ...................................................................................65
3.2.3 Strengths for conservation and future generations ..............................................65
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................67
Glossary ........................................................................................................................69
Bibliography .................................................................................................................73
Annexe……………………………………………………………………………….....
Summary……………………………………………………………………………......Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65731 Contraceptive methods for free-ranging and captive large carnivores in the Western Cape (South Africa): a comparative study case in Gondwana Reserve and Jukani Wildlife Sanctuary [TFE / Mémoire] / CHARLOTTE SCHRURS, Auteur . - 2016.
Le fichier numérique de ce document est disponible uniquement pour les membres de la Haute Ecole Louvain-en-Hainaut ainsi que ses étudiants. Veuillez-vous connecter pour accéder à votre compte lecteur
Langues : Français (fre)
Mots-clés : AGRONOMIE TA Afrique du Sud carnivores réserve Gondwana Jukani wildlife sanctuary lions Index. décimale : TFE Technologie animalière TFE Technologie animalière Résumé : Most reserves in South Africa would tend to choose a hands-off management of their
large predators like lions. However, in a conservation perspective it is not always
easy to let nature rule it all. Indeed, lions are creatures that show high breeding
patterns. In such open reserves, there is a significant lack of direct competitors. This
generates a high survival rate of cubs and puts a significant pressure on the
environment, fauna and other smaller preys.
South African managers must come with a sustainable solution for a control of their
lion population. This population control has four aims: to prevent overpopulation, to
avoid prey decline, to prevail potential inbreeding and lastly to discourage illegal and
amoral practices involving lions. The carrying capacity is an essential equation to
help manage a healthy amount of lions. This tool can be calculated by summing up
several factors: the lion population on adapted contraceptives, fauna, flora and
smaller preys on a given space. Only then once the number of lions is calculated, can
a suitable contraceptive method be put in place. This study case focused on a Big 5
Reserve in the Western Cape. In the past they used Deslorelin implants. Soon after,
the reserve and vet team opted for hemi-hysterectomy surgeries for several reasons
mainly linked to: the animal’s health, the litter size and the fast growing hunting
industry.
The situation is quite different for captive lions in wildlife sanctuaries. With sad lion
abuse stories, no hunting skills or fear of humans, a release into the wild can’t be
considered. The contraceptive method needs to insure no breeding at all and to
minimize dangerous hormonal behavior. This study case targets a wildlife sanctuary
located on the Garden Route. Their contraceptive program combines two methods:
Deslorelin implants along with vasectomy surgeries. These methods have shown
throughout the years positive results. With fast evolving technologies and ongoing
researches, it is most certain that alternative contraceptive methods for carnivores and
other species will be of topic in the next decades. This is currently in progress as
regards to immuno-contraception among carnivores for instance.
Contraception enables a close and healthy management of a specific number of lions.
This narrowly participates to their health, the nourishing of the tourism industry and
maintaining African ecosystems for the years to come. (32)Note de contenu : Table of contents
Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………….......
Internship placement ......................................................................................................5
Introduction ....................................................................................................................7
Preliminary notes ...........................................................................................................9
Chapter 1: Study case on free-ranging lions in Gondwana Reserve ............................17
1.1 History of the Reserve ............................................................................................17
1.2 Objectives of Gondwana ........................................................................................18
1.3 Carrying capacity and wildlife management ..........................................................20
1.4 Focus on a keystone species: the lion ....................................................................22
1.4.1 Genealogy and history of Gondwana lions .........................................................23
1.4.2 Previous contraceptive method ...........................................................................28
1.4.3 Field capture ........................................................................................................29
1.4.4 Pharmacology ......................................................................................................39
1.4.5 Surgery environment of hemi hysterectomy surgery ..........................................45
1.4.6 Clinical procedure ...............................................................................................46
1.4.7 Follow up care .....................................................................................................49
Chapter 2: Study case on captive lions of Jukani Wildlife sanctuary ..........................51
2.1 History of the sanctuary .........................................................................................51
2.2 Objectives of Jukani ...............................................................................................52
2.3 Carrying capacity and wildlife management ..........................................................53
2.4 Focus on one keystone species: the lion ................................................................54
2.4.1 Genealogy and history of selected lions ..............................................................54
2.4.2 Jukani’s contraceptive method ............................................................................55
2.4.3 Field capture ........................................................................................................58
2.4.4 Pharmacology ......................................................................................................59
2.4.5 Surgery environment for interventions ...............................................................59
2.4.6 Clinical procedure of contraceptive method .......................................................60
2.4.7 Follow up care .....................................................................................................61
Chapter 3: Strengths and weaknesses analysis of hemi-hysterectomies method versus
Deslorelin implants ......................................................................................................63
3.1 Weaknesses ............................................................................................................63
3.1.1 Weaknesses for the animal’s health ....................................................................63
3.1.2 Weaknesses for the manager ...............................................................................64
3.2.3 Weaknesses for conservation and future generations .........................................64
3.2.1 Strengths for the animal’s health .........................................................................64
3.2.2 Strengths for the manager ...................................................................................65
3.2.3 Strengths for conservation and future generations ..............................................65
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................67
Glossary ........................................................................................................................69
Bibliography .................................................................................................................73
Annexe……………………………………………………………………………….....
Summary……………………………………………………………………………......Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65731 Exemplaires
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