Adjunct therapies to improve outcomes after botulinum toxin injection in children: A systematic review / L. Mathevon in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 62, n°4 (Juillet 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 62, n°4 (Juillet 2019) . - p. 283-290 Titre : Adjunct therapies to improve outcomes after botulinum toxin injection in children: A systematic review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L. Mathevon ; Isabelle V. Bonan ; J.-L. Barnais ; Mickael Dinomais Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 283-290 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.06.010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Spasticity  Cerebral palsy  Botulinum toxin  Casting  Rehabilitation programme Résumé : Background Botulinum toxin (BTX) injection alone is not sufficient to treat spasticity in children, notably those with cerebral palsy; thus, there is an emerging trend for adjunct therapies to offer greater outcomes than BTX alone. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the general effectiveness of adjunct therapies regardless of their nature in children with spasticity. Methods Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched from January 1980 to March 15, 2018 for reports of parallel-group trials (randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and non-RCTs) assessing adjunct therapies after BTX injection for treating spasticity in children. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias by using the PEDro scale for RCTs and Downs and Black scale (D&B) for non-RCTs. Results Overall, 20 articles involving 662 participants met the inclusion criteria. The average quality was good for the 16 RCTs (mean PEDro score 7.4 [SD 1.6]) and poor to moderate for the 4 non-RCTs (D&B score 9 to 17). Adjunct therapies consisted of casting/posture, electrical stimulation, resistance training and rehabilitation programmes. Casting associated with BTX injection improved the range of passive and active motion and reduced spasticity better than did BTX alone (9 studies), with a follow-up of 1 year. Resistance training enhanced the quality and performance of muscles without increasing spasticity. Only 3 rehabilitation programmes were studied, with encouraging results for activities. Conclusion Lower-limb posture with casting in children has a high level of evidence, but the long-term efficacy of short-leg casting needs to be evaluated. A comparison between the different modalities of casting is missing, and studies specifically devoted to testing the different kinds of casting are needed. Moreover, the delay to casting after BTX injection is not clear. Data on electrical stimulation are not conclusive. Despite the small number of studies, resistance training could be an interesting adjunct therapy notably to avoid loss of strength after BTX injection. Rehabilitation programmes after BTX injection still need to be evaluated. En ligne : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877065718314301 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84133 [article] Adjunct therapies to improve outcomes after botulinum toxin injection in children: A systematic review [texte imprimé] / L. Mathevon ; Isabelle V. Bonan ; J.-L. Barnais ; Mickael Dinomais . - 2019 . - p. 283-290. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.06.010 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 62, n°4 (Juillet 2019) . - p. 283-290 Mots-clés : Spasticity  Cerebral palsy  Botulinum toxin  Casting  Rehabilitation programme Résumé : Background Botulinum toxin (BTX) injection alone is not sufficient to treat spasticity in children, notably those with cerebral palsy; thus, there is an emerging trend for adjunct therapies to offer greater outcomes than BTX alone. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the general effectiveness of adjunct therapies regardless of their nature in children with spasticity. Methods Medline, Cochrane and Embase databases were searched from January 1980 to March 15, 2018 for reports of parallel-group trials (randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and non-RCTs) assessing adjunct therapies after BTX injection for treating spasticity in children. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias by using the PEDro scale for RCTs and Downs and Black scale (D&B) for non-RCTs. Results Overall, 20 articles involving 662 participants met the inclusion criteria. The average quality was good for the 16 RCTs (mean PEDro score 7.4 [SD 1.6]) and poor to moderate for the 4 non-RCTs (D&B score 9 to 17). Adjunct therapies consisted of casting/posture, electrical stimulation, resistance training and rehabilitation programmes. Casting associated with BTX injection improved the range of passive and active motion and reduced spasticity better than did BTX alone (9 studies), with a follow-up of 1 year. Resistance training enhanced the quality and performance of muscles without increasing spasticity. Only 3 rehabilitation programmes were studied, with encouraging results for activities. Conclusion Lower-limb posture with casting in children has a high level of evidence, but the long-term efficacy of short-leg casting needs to be evaluated. A comparison between the different modalities of casting is missing, and studies specifically devoted to testing the different kinds of casting are needed. Moreover, the delay to casting after BTX injection is not clear. Data on electrical stimulation are not conclusive. Despite the small number of studies, resistance training could be an interesting adjunct therapy notably to avoid loss of strength after BTX injection. Rehabilitation programmes after BTX injection still need to be evaluated. En ligne : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877065718314301 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84133

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From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? / Stéphane Chabrier in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 431-438 Titre : From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stéphane Chabrier ; Margaux Pouyfaucon ; Alain Chatelin ; Joel Fluss ; Vincent Gautheron ; Christopher J. Newman ; Guillaume Sébire ; Patrick Van Bogaert ; Carole Vuillerot ; Sylvain Brochard ; Mickael Dinomais Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 431-438 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.07.003 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Narrative medicine  Early brain injury  International Classification of Functioning,  Disability and Health (ICF)  Human development Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP), an umbrella term for a developmental motor disorder caused by early brain injury (EBI)/interference, remains debated. In this essay, we present a narrative, beginning with the original anatomical-clinical description of the so-called paralysie congéniale (congenial paralysis) by the French psychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh. We then discuss how the concept has evolved over the last 2 centuries. We aim to illustrate these ideas with the biopsychosocial model of health, especially in light of the current neuroscientific and sociological knowledge of human development. We endeavour to integrate 3 connected but distinct entities: (1) the EBI as a seminal turning point of the individual's story; (2) the clinical findings we call CP, when motor impairment and activity limitation related to post-EBI (or other early non-progressive brain interference) appears, and; (3) a post-EBI developmental condition that encompasses the overall consequences of an EBI. This framework should guide individual, familial and collective care discussions and research strategies beyond the scope of CP. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91317 [article] From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? [texte imprimé] / Stéphane Chabrier ; Margaux Pouyfaucon ; Alain Chatelin ; Joel Fluss ; Vincent Gautheron ; Christopher J. Newman ; Guillaume Sébire ; Patrick Van Bogaert ; Carole Vuillerot ; Sylvain Brochard ; Mickael Dinomais . - 2020 . - p. 431-438. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.07.003 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 431-438 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Narrative medicine  Early brain injury  International Classification of Functioning,  Disability and Health (ICF)  Human development Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP), an umbrella term for a developmental motor disorder caused by early brain injury (EBI)/interference, remains debated. In this essay, we present a narrative, beginning with the original anatomical-clinical description of the so-called paralysie congéniale (congenial paralysis) by the French psychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh. We then discuss how the concept has evolved over the last 2 centuries. We aim to illustrate these ideas with the biopsychosocial model of health, especially in light of the current neuroscientific and sociological knowledge of human development. We endeavour to integrate 3 connected but distinct entities: (1) the EBI as a seminal turning point of the individual's story; (2) the clinical findings we call CP, when motor impairment and activity limitation related to post-EBI (or other early non-progressive brain interference) appears, and; (3) a post-EBI developmental condition that encompasses the overall consequences of an EBI. This framework should guide individual, familial and collective care discussions and research strategies beyond the scope of CP. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91317

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From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy / Carole Vuillerot in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Titre : From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Carole Vuillerot ; Mickael Dinomais ; Vincent Gautheron ; Sylvain Brochard Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 393-399 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.07.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Pediatric physical rehabilitation medicine (PRM) is the medical (sub)specialty that, with an interdisciplinary approach, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of congenital and childhood-onset impairments, including related or secondary medical, physical, functional, psychosocial, cognitive, and vocational limitations or conditions. The entirety involves understanding the life course of disability. Within the specialty PRM, the main singular aspects of pediatric PRM are the developmental approach mandatory in child medicine and the strong integration of the partnership with the parents/family. The child is also approached specifically according to age class, including a “toward adulthood” vision. Interventions aim ultimately at the best autonomy throughout the life by first considering the child and family in their environment taking into account their personal factors. Recently, developed frameworks, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) child and youth version [1] and the F-words [2] as an implementation of the ICF in childhood, have progressively become the “DNA” of the pediatric PRM. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91307 [article] From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Carole Vuillerot ; Mickael Dinomais ; Vincent Gautheron ; Sylvain Brochard . - 2020 . - p. 393-399. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.07.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Résumé : Pediatric physical rehabilitation medicine (PRM) is the medical (sub)specialty that, with an interdisciplinary approach, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of congenital and childhood-onset impairments, including related or secondary medical, physical, functional, psychosocial, cognitive, and vocational limitations or conditions. The entirety involves understanding the life course of disability. Within the specialty PRM, the main singular aspects of pediatric PRM are the developmental approach mandatory in child medicine and the strong integration of the partnership with the parents/family. The child is also approached specifically according to age class, including a “toward adulthood” vision. Interventions aim ultimately at the best autonomy throughout the life by first considering the child and family in their environment taking into account their personal factors. Recently, developed frameworks, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) child and youth version [1] and the F-words [2] as an implementation of the ICF in childhood, have progressively become the “DNA” of the pediatric PRM. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91307

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Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy / Josselin Démas in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 439-446 Titre : Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Josselin Démas ; Mathieu Bourguignon ; Maximilien Périvier ; Xavier De Tiège ; Mickael Dinomais ; Patrick Van Bogaert Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 439-446 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.007 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Magnetoencephalography  Electroencephalography  Mu rhythm  Rehabilitation  Plasticity Résumé : Various specific early rehabilitation strategies are proposed to decrease functional disabilities in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). These strategies are thought to favour the mechanisms of brain plasticity that take place after brain injury. However, the level of evidence is low. Markers of brain plasticity would favour validation of these rehabilitation programs. In this paper, we consider the study of mu rhythm for this goal by describing the characteristics of mu rhythm in adults and children with typical development, then review the current literature on mu rhythm in CP. Mu rhythm is composed of brain oscillations recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) over the sensorimotor areas. The oscillations are characterized by their frequency, topography and modulation. Frequency ranges within the alpha band (∼10 Hz, mu alpha) or beta band (∼20 Hz, mu beta). Source location analyses suggest that mu alpha reflects somatosensory functions, whereas mu beta reflects motor functions. Event-related desynchronisation (ERD) followed by event-related (re-)synchronisation (ERS) of mu rhythm occur in association with a movement or somatosensory input. Even if the functional role of the different mu rhythm components remains incompletely understood, their maturational trajectory is well described. Increasing age from infancy to adolescence is associated with increasing ERD as well as increasing ERS. A few studies characterised mu rhythm in adolescents with spastic CP and showed atypical patterns of modulation in most of them. The most frequent findings in patients with unilateral CP are decreased ERD and decreased ERS over the central electrodes, but atypical topography may also be found. The patterns of modulations are more variable in bilateral CP. Data in infants and young children with CP are lacking and studies did not address the questions of intra-individual reliability of mu rhythm modulations in patients with CP nor their modification after motor learning. Better characterization of mu rhythm in CP, especially in infants and young children, is warranted before considering this rhythm as a potential neurophysiological marker of brain plasticity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91318 [article] Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Josselin Démas ; Mathieu Bourguignon ; Maximilien Périvier ; Xavier De Tiège ; Mickael Dinomais ; Patrick Van Bogaert . - 2020 . - p. 439-446. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.007 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 439-446 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Magnetoencephalography  Electroencephalography  Mu rhythm  Rehabilitation  Plasticity Résumé : Various specific early rehabilitation strategies are proposed to decrease functional disabilities in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). These strategies are thought to favour the mechanisms of brain plasticity that take place after brain injury. However, the level of evidence is low. Markers of brain plasticity would favour validation of these rehabilitation programs. In this paper, we consider the study of mu rhythm for this goal by describing the characteristics of mu rhythm in adults and children with typical development, then review the current literature on mu rhythm in CP. Mu rhythm is composed of brain oscillations recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) over the sensorimotor areas. The oscillations are characterized by their frequency, topography and modulation. Frequency ranges within the alpha band (∼10 Hz, mu alpha) or beta band (∼20 Hz, mu beta). Source location analyses suggest that mu alpha reflects somatosensory functions, whereas mu beta reflects motor functions. Event-related desynchronisation (ERD) followed by event-related (re-)synchronisation (ERS) of mu rhythm occur in association with a movement or somatosensory input. Even if the functional role of the different mu rhythm components remains incompletely understood, their maturational trajectory is well described. Increasing age from infancy to adolescence is associated with increasing ERD as well as increasing ERS. A few studies characterised mu rhythm in adolescents with spastic CP and showed atypical patterns of modulation in most of them. The most frequent findings in patients with unilateral CP are decreased ERD and decreased ERS over the central electrodes, but atypical topography may also be found. The patterns of modulations are more variable in bilateral CP. Data in infants and young children with CP are lacking and studies did not address the questions of intra-individual reliability of mu rhythm modulations in patients with CP nor their modification after motor learning. Better characterization of mu rhythm in CP, especially in infants and young children, is warranted before considering this rhythm as a potential neurophysiological marker of brain plasticity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91318

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(Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study / Jean-Michel Lemée in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 416-421 Titre : (Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jean-Michel Lemée ; Eva Chinier ; Pauline Ali ; Matthieu Labriffe ; Aram Ter Minassian ; Mickael Dinomais Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 416-421 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.02.001 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Sensory function  Plasticity  Functional MRI  Lateralization index  Brain lesion Résumé : Objective To evaluate the relationship between neural (re)organization of the somatosensory cortex and impairment of sensory function (2-point discrimination [2PD]) in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods We included 21 individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. 2PD thresholds were evaluated on thumb pads, and activation of the somatosensory cortex was recorded by functional MRI (fMRI) during passive movements of the affected hand. A lateralization index (LI) was calculated for the primary sensory (S1) and secondary sensory (S2) cortices and the correlation between the LI and 2PD thresholds was analysed. Results We found a significant negative correlation between the 2PD thresholds and the S2 LI (r = −0.5, one-tailed P-value = 0.01) and a trend towards a negative correlation with the S1 LI (r = −0.4, one-tailed P-value = 0.05). Conclusion High levels of activation in the contralesional hemisphere were associated with high levels of sensory impairment in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. The interhemispheric (re)organization of the somatosensory system may not effectively compensate for somatosensory impairment. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91312 [article] (Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study [texte imprimé] / Jean-Michel Lemée ; Eva Chinier ; Pauline Ali ; Matthieu Labriffe ; Aram Ter Minassian ; Mickael Dinomais . - 2020 . - p. 416-421. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.02.001 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 416-421 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Sensory function  Plasticity  Functional MRI  Lateralization index  Brain lesion Résumé : Objective To evaluate the relationship between neural (re)organization of the somatosensory cortex and impairment of sensory function (2-point discrimination [2PD]) in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods We included 21 individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. 2PD thresholds were evaluated on thumb pads, and activation of the somatosensory cortex was recorded by functional MRI (fMRI) during passive movements of the affected hand. A lateralization index (LI) was calculated for the primary sensory (S1) and secondary sensory (S2) cortices and the correlation between the LI and 2PD thresholds was analysed. Results We found a significant negative correlation between the 2PD thresholds and the S2 LI (r = −0.5, one-tailed P-value = 0.01) and a trend towards a negative correlation with the S1 LI (r = −0.4, one-tailed P-value = 0.05). Conclusion High levels of activation in the contralesional hemisphere were associated with high levels of sensory impairment in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. The interhemispheric (re)organization of the somatosensory system may not effectively compensate for somatosensory impairment. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91312

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Réorganisation du cortex sensorimoteur dans le cadre de la paralysie cérébrale unilatérale : apports des neurosciences / Mickael Dinomais in Motricité cérébrale, Vol.35, n°1 (mars 2014)

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