Dépouillements

Ageism and the valorization of independence: are they connected? / Barry Trentham in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 199-200 Titre : Ageism and the valorization of independence: are they connected? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Barry Trentham Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 199-200 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618814143 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Years ago, a very old and very engaged patient challenged my very young and very earnest occupational therapy thinking in a profound way. I continue to peel away the layered ageist and culturally laden assumptions that this learning experience revealed, particularly now, as I consider the links between ageism and occupational therapy’s pre-occupation with independence. Mrs Chen (not her real name) immigrated to Canada in her 80s from China. My initial assessment in the clinic, when she was 93 years old, indicated the need to ‘increase independence in ADL [activities of daily living]’. Not interested, she politely informed me that her children could look after that. She was interested, however, in ‘learning the computer’ so she could engage with her grandchildren. To my entrenched western value system, I interpreted this as a lack of concern for the burden this would add to her children’s already busy lives. Reinforcing my value perspective was the institutional and cultural pressure to focus on independence with basic activities of daily living (BADL). Computer literacy was not an institutionally sanctioned BADL. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80404 [article] Ageism and the valorization of independence: are they connected? [texte imprimé] / Barry Trentham . - 2019 . - p. 199-200. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618814143 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 199-200 Résumé : Years ago, a very old and very engaged patient challenged my very young and very earnest occupational therapy thinking in a profound way. I continue to peel away the layered ageist and culturally laden assumptions that this learning experience revealed, particularly now, as I consider the links between ageism and occupational therapy’s pre-occupation with independence. Mrs Chen (not her real name) immigrated to Canada in her 80s from China. My initial assessment in the clinic, when she was 93 years old, indicated the need to ‘increase independence in ADL [activities of daily living]’. Not interested, she politely informed me that her children could look after that. She was interested, however, in ‘learning the computer’ so she could engage with her grandchildren. To my entrenched western value system, I interpreted this as a lack of concern for the burden this would add to her children’s already busy lives. Reinforcing my value perspective was the institutional and cultural pressure to focus on independence with basic activities of daily living (BADL). Computer literacy was not an institutionally sanctioned BADL. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80404

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Elements for developing community-based interventions for adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A scoping review / Ryan Quan in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 201-212 Titre : Elements for developing community-based interventions for adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A scoping review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ryan Quan ; Sharon E. Brintnell ; Ada W.S. Leung Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 201-212 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618790206 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder  adult  community  intervention  occupational therapy  scoping review Résumé : Introduction Current literature about interventions for adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is limited, which is a concern, due to the high prevalence of FASD. FASD creates lifelong physical, mental, cognitive and behavioral deficits, which impacts many aspects of daily living. Community-based interventions are necessary to better support adults with FASD and provide them with the opportunity to achieve success in their daily lives and social participation. This scoping review aimed to identify elements for developing successful community-based interventions for these individuals. Method A search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases and supplementary gray literature was resourced. Articles were selected based on inclusion–exclusion criteria, and a thematic analysis was completed to identify and present relevant findings. Results Seven articles met selection criteria and were included in this review. Six emerging themes were identified: inclusion of a functional context, individualized support, education for service providers, structure and routine, utilizing a strengths-based approach, and environmental adaptations. These themes were used to present the findings related to the elements necessary for developing interventions for adults with FASD. Conclusion The results indicate that the identified elements may be necessary to develop successful interventions, especially community-based interventions, for adults with FASD. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80405 [article] Elements for developing community-based interventions for adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A scoping review [texte imprimé] / Ryan Quan ; Sharon E. Brintnell ; Ada W.S. Leung . - 2019 . - p. 201-212. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618790206 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 201-212 Mots-clés : Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder  adult  community  intervention  occupational therapy  scoping review Résumé : Introduction Current literature about interventions for adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is limited, which is a concern, due to the high prevalence of FASD. FASD creates lifelong physical, mental, cognitive and behavioral deficits, which impacts many aspects of daily living. Community-based interventions are necessary to better support adults with FASD and provide them with the opportunity to achieve success in their daily lives and social participation. This scoping review aimed to identify elements for developing successful community-based interventions for these individuals. Method A search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases and supplementary gray literature was resourced. Articles were selected based on inclusion–exclusion criteria, and a thematic analysis was completed to identify and present relevant findings. Results Seven articles met selection criteria and were included in this review. Six emerging themes were identified: inclusion of a functional context, individualized support, education for service providers, structure and routine, utilizing a strengths-based approach, and environmental adaptations. These themes were used to present the findings related to the elements necessary for developing interventions for adults with FASD. Conclusion The results indicate that the identified elements may be necessary to develop successful interventions, especially community-based interventions, for adults with FASD. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80405

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Randomized controlled trial of occupational performance coaching for mothers of children with cerebral palsy / Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 213-219 Titre : Randomized controlled trial of occupational performance coaching for mothers of children with cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh ; Dorothy E. Kessler ; Seyed Ali Hosseini ; Mehdi Rassafiani ; Nazila Akbarfahimi ; Hamid Reza Khankeh ; Akbar Biglarian Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 213-219 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618799944 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  children  mothers  coaching  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of occupational performance coaching in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Method A randomized controlled trial was used. Thirty mothers of children with cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to an occupational performance coaching group or control group. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Sherer General Self-efficacy Scale were measured before and after the study. Results Occupational performance coaching had significant effects on participants’ occupational performance and self-efficacy. In child-related goals, there was also a statistically significant difference between two groups (p = 0.05). Conclusion The results indicated that occupational performance coaching could be an effective intervention to increase the self-efficacy of mothers and improve the occupational performance of children and mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This trial is registered at NCT02915926 at clinicaltrials.gov Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80406 [article] Randomized controlled trial of occupational performance coaching for mothers of children with cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh ; Dorothy E. Kessler ; Seyed Ali Hosseini ; Mehdi Rassafiani ; Nazila Akbarfahimi ; Hamid Reza Khankeh ; Akbar Biglarian . - 2019 . - p. 213-219. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618799944 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 213-219 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  children  mothers  coaching  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of occupational performance coaching in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Method A randomized controlled trial was used. Thirty mothers of children with cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to an occupational performance coaching group or control group. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and Sherer General Self-efficacy Scale were measured before and after the study. Results Occupational performance coaching had significant effects on participants’ occupational performance and self-efficacy. In child-related goals, there was also a statistically significant difference between two groups (p = 0.05). Conclusion The results indicated that occupational performance coaching could be an effective intervention to increase the self-efficacy of mothers and improve the occupational performance of children and mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This trial is registered at NCT02915926 at clinicaltrials.gov Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80406

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Effectiveness of the Community–Academia Student Tutoring (CAST) program in enhancing students’ practice placement readiness / Miri Tal Saban in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 220-226 Titre : Effectiveness of the Community–Academia Student Tutoring (CAST) program in enhancing students’ practice placement readiness Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Miri Tal Saban ; Naomi Weintraub Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 220-226 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618800179 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Practice education  practice placement  students’ self-perception  anxiety  community service learning  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Occupational therapy programs include practice education, which is a vital aspect of professional practice preparation. We evaluated the effectiveness of the Community–Academia Student Tutoring program for enhancing occupational therapy students’ perceived readiness for their practice placement, thus reducing their feelings of anxiety. Method The study included 84 first-year undergraduate occupational therapy students aged 21–35 years, of whom 43 participated in the Community–Academia Student Tutoring group program and the rest comprised the control group. Participants completed the Student Self-Competency and Readiness for Fieldwork questionnaire prior to their first practice placement. Findings Anxiety was related to the Student Self-Competency and Readiness for Fieldwork’s components and total score. The Community–Academia Student Tutoring group scored significantly higher (p < .05) than the controls in the Evaluation and Communication with Patients components of the questionnaire, after controlling for anxiety level. Implications It appears that it is possible to enhance students’ readiness for their practice placement through a structured and intensive community-based mentoring program that is guided by faculty and includes activities of briefing and debriefing, such as the Community–Academia Student Tutoring program. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80407 [article] Effectiveness of the Community–Academia Student Tutoring (CAST) program in enhancing students’ practice placement readiness [texte imprimé] / Miri Tal Saban ; Naomi Weintraub . - 2019 . - p. 220-226. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618800179 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 220-226 Mots-clés : Practice education  practice placement  students’ self-perception  anxiety  community service learning  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Occupational therapy programs include practice education, which is a vital aspect of professional practice preparation. We evaluated the effectiveness of the Community–Academia Student Tutoring program for enhancing occupational therapy students’ perceived readiness for their practice placement, thus reducing their feelings of anxiety. Method The study included 84 first-year undergraduate occupational therapy students aged 21–35 years, of whom 43 participated in the Community–Academia Student Tutoring group program and the rest comprised the control group. Participants completed the Student Self-Competency and Readiness for Fieldwork questionnaire prior to their first practice placement. Findings Anxiety was related to the Student Self-Competency and Readiness for Fieldwork’s components and total score. The Community–Academia Student Tutoring group scored significantly higher (p < .05) than the controls in the Evaluation and Communication with Patients components of the questionnaire, after controlling for anxiety level. Implications It appears that it is possible to enhance students’ readiness for their practice placement through a structured and intensive community-based mentoring program that is guided by faculty and includes activities of briefing and debriefing, such as the Community–Academia Student Tutoring program. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80407

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Struggling with everyday life after mild stroke with cognitive impairments – The experiences of working age women / Maria Alenljung in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 227-234 Titre : Struggling with everyday life after mild stroke with cognitive impairments – The experiences of working age women Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Maria Alenljung ; Asa Larsson Ranada ; Gunilla Liedberg Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 227-234 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618800184 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gender  mild stroke  cognition  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The aim of this study was to explore how women of working age who have had a mild stroke resulting in cognitive impairment experience and manage their everyday lives. Method Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 10 women of working age who had sustained cognitive impairment after a mild stroke. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three main categories appeared: The everyday is affected by the symptoms, Living strategies, and The social environment effects and changes. Participants feel insecure about their abilities and capabilities, experience anxiety and fear in relation to work, and find it hard to live up to demands and expectations. They are required to plan their daily activities in a new way and to prioritise chores that benefit the family, rather than follow their own interests and social activities. In order to cope with everyday life, they need to allocate chores to other family members. Conclusions The constant impact of fatigue and cognitive impairments affects everyday life. The women said that they had to learn to continuously manage their limitations through their experience of everyday life, something that can be facilitated with occupational therapy. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80408 [article] Struggling with everyday life after mild stroke with cognitive impairments – The experiences of working age women [texte imprimé] / Maria Alenljung ; Asa Larsson Ranada ; Gunilla Liedberg . - 2019 . - p. 227-234. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618800184 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 227-234 Mots-clés : Gender  mild stroke  cognition  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The aim of this study was to explore how women of working age who have had a mild stroke resulting in cognitive impairment experience and manage their everyday lives. Method Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The participants consisted of 10 women of working age who had sustained cognitive impairment after a mild stroke. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three main categories appeared: The everyday is affected by the symptoms, Living strategies, and The social environment effects and changes. Participants feel insecure about their abilities and capabilities, experience anxiety and fear in relation to work, and find it hard to live up to demands and expectations. They are required to plan their daily activities in a new way and to prioritise chores that benefit the family, rather than follow their own interests and social activities. In order to cope with everyday life, they need to allocate chores to other family members. Conclusions The constant impact of fatigue and cognitive impairments affects everyday life. The women said that they had to learn to continuously manage their limitations through their experience of everyday life, something that can be facilitated with occupational therapy. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80408

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The toileting habit profile questionnaire: Examining construct validity using the Rasch model / Isabelle Beaudry-Bellefeuille in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 235-247 Titre : The toileting habit profile questionnaire: Examining construct validity using the Rasch model Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Isabelle Beaudry-Bellefeuille ; Anita Bundy ; Alison E. Lane ; Eduardo Ramos Polo ; Shelly J. Lane Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 235-247 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618813266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  constipation  faecal incontinence  occupational therapy  sensation disorders Résumé : Introduction Preliminary reports support the hypothesis that sensory issues may be related to atypical defecation habits in children. Clinical practice in this area is limited by the lack of validated measures. The toileting habit profile questionnaire was designed to address this gap. Methods This study included two phases of validity testing. In phase 1, we used Rasch analysis of existing data to assess item structural validity, directed content analysis of recent literature to determine the extent to which items capture clinical concerns, and expert review to validate the toileting habit profile questionnaire. Based on phase 1 outcomes, we made adjustments to toileting habit profile questionnaire items. In phase 2, we examined the item structural validity of the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire. Results Phase 1 resulted in a 17-item questionnaire: 15 items designed to identify habits linked to sensory over-reactivity and two designed to identify sensory under-reactivity and/or poor perception items. The analysis carried out in phase 2 supported the use of the sensory over-reactivity items. Remaining items can be used as clinical observations. Conclusion Caregiver report of behaviour using the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire appears to adequately capture challenging defecation behaviours related to sensory over-reactivity. Identifying challenging behaviours related to sensory under-reactivity and/or perception issues using exclusively the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire is not recommended. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80409 [article] The toileting habit profile questionnaire: Examining construct validity using the Rasch model [texte imprimé] / Isabelle Beaudry-Bellefeuille ; Anita Bundy ; Alison E. Lane ; Eduardo Ramos Polo ; Shelly J. Lane . - 2019 . - p. 235-247. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618813266 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 235-247 Mots-clés : Child  constipation  faecal incontinence  occupational therapy  sensation disorders Résumé : Introduction Preliminary reports support the hypothesis that sensory issues may be related to atypical defecation habits in children. Clinical practice in this area is limited by the lack of validated measures. The toileting habit profile questionnaire was designed to address this gap. Methods This study included two phases of validity testing. In phase 1, we used Rasch analysis of existing data to assess item structural validity, directed content analysis of recent literature to determine the extent to which items capture clinical concerns, and expert review to validate the toileting habit profile questionnaire. Based on phase 1 outcomes, we made adjustments to toileting habit profile questionnaire items. In phase 2, we examined the item structural validity of the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire. Results Phase 1 resulted in a 17-item questionnaire: 15 items designed to identify habits linked to sensory over-reactivity and two designed to identify sensory under-reactivity and/or poor perception items. The analysis carried out in phase 2 supported the use of the sensory over-reactivity items. Remaining items can be used as clinical observations. Conclusion Caregiver report of behaviour using the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire appears to adequately capture challenging defecation behaviours related to sensory over-reactivity. Identifying challenging behaviours related to sensory under-reactivity and/or perception issues using exclusively the revised toileting habit profile questionnaire is not recommended. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80409

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Face validity of the youth Multiple Errands Test (yMET) in the community: A focus group and pilot study / Vanessa L. Hanberg in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 248-258 Titre : Face validity of the youth Multiple Errands Test (yMET) in the community: A focus group and pilot study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vanessa L. Hanberg ; Diane E. MacKenzie ; Joan Versnel Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 248-258 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618813098 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Executive function,  adolescent  young adult  multiple errands test  face validity  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction During late adolescence and early adulthood, maturation of cognitive functions including executive functions are occurring. The multiple errands test is an assessment of real-world executive functions and, to date, non-virtual reality multiple errands test research has focused primarily on adults with acquired brain injury in hospital settings. There is poor evidence across multiple errands test studies for content and face validity and limited studies in the community. This study aimed to explore multiple errands test face validity for typically developing youth (age 16–24 years) and describe their community setting performance on a youth multiple errands test. Methods A youth focus group (N = 5) was conducted to explore perceptions of the multiple errands test. From their input, the youth multiple errands test was developed and pilot tested (N = 9) in a shopping mall. Results Two themes emerged from focus group analysis and limited changes, relevant to youth, were made to develop the youth multiple errands test. The focus group and pilot study found the youth multiple errands test was acceptable and cognitively challenging for youth, with older youth performing better than younger youth. Overall youth multiple errands test performance suggests similarities to healthy adults in previous studies. Conclusion Findings must be interpreted with caution since the sample was small, but preliminary results indicate that future studies with the youth multiple errands test are feasible and warranted. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80410 [article] Face validity of the youth Multiple Errands Test (yMET) in the community: A focus group and pilot study [texte imprimé] / Vanessa L. Hanberg ; Diane E. MacKenzie ; Joan Versnel . - 2019 . - p. 248-258. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618813098 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 85 Issue 4 (Avril 2019) . - p. 248-258 Mots-clés : Executive function,  adolescent  young adult  multiple errands test  face validity  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction During late adolescence and early adulthood, maturation of cognitive functions including executive functions are occurring. The multiple errands test is an assessment of real-world executive functions and, to date, non-virtual reality multiple errands test research has focused primarily on adults with acquired brain injury in hospital settings. There is poor evidence across multiple errands test studies for content and face validity and limited studies in the community. This study aimed to explore multiple errands test face validity for typically developing youth (age 16–24 years) and describe their community setting performance on a youth multiple errands test. Methods A youth focus group (N = 5) was conducted to explore perceptions of the multiple errands test. From their input, the youth multiple errands test was developed and pilot tested (N = 9) in a shopping mall. Results Two themes emerged from focus group analysis and limited changes, relevant to youth, were made to develop the youth multiple errands test. The focus group and pilot study found the youth multiple errands test was acceptable and cognitively challenging for youth, with older youth performing better than younger youth. Overall youth multiple errands test performance suggests similarities to healthy adults in previous studies. Conclusion Findings must be interpreted with caution since the sample was small, but preliminary results indicate that future studies with the youth multiple errands test are feasible and warranted. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80410

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