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World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) standard for 1000 hours of practice placement: informed by tradition or evidence? / Yvonne Thomas in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 3-4 Titre : World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) standard for 1000 hours of practice placement: informed by tradition or evidence? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yvonne Thomas ; Merrolee Penman Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 3-4 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618788785 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : The 2016 World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) Minimum Standards for the Education of Occupational Therapists (World Federation of Occupational Therapists, 2016) state that all students are expected to complete a minimum of 1000 practice education hours. Reference to a minimum of 1000 hours has been consistent since the original WFOT document Establishing a Programme for the Education of Occupational Therapists, published in 1958, with almost no variation to this requirement in subsequent revisions of the standards. The current minimum standards justify the tradition of retaining 1000 hours, stating ‘it has been consistent since practice-related experience was part of the occupational therapy educational process and appears comparable to other health professional preparation programmes’ (World Federation of Occupational Therapists, 2016: 49). Despite significant revision of the minimum standards in every other way, the original 1000 hours standard (based on 35 hours per week for 30 weeks) remains unchanged 60 years later, with almost no evidence to support or deny its relevance and validity in the current context. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80290 [article] World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) standard for 1000 hours of practice placement: informed by tradition or evidence? [texte imprimé] / Yvonne Thomas ; Merrolee Penman . - 2019 . - p. 3-4. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618788785 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 3-4 Résumé : The 2016 World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) Minimum Standards for the Education of Occupational Therapists (World Federation of Occupational Therapists, 2016) state that all students are expected to complete a minimum of 1000 practice education hours. Reference to a minimum of 1000 hours has been consistent since the original WFOT document Establishing a Programme for the Education of Occupational Therapists, published in 1958, with almost no variation to this requirement in subsequent revisions of the standards. The current minimum standards justify the tradition of retaining 1000 hours, stating ‘it has been consistent since practice-related experience was part of the occupational therapy educational process and appears comparable to other health professional preparation programmes’ (World Federation of Occupational Therapists, 2016: 49). Despite significant revision of the minimum standards in every other way, the original 1000 hours standard (based on 35 hours per week for 30 weeks) remains unchanged 60 years later, with almost no evidence to support or deny its relevance and validity in the current context. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80290

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Sleep positioning systems for children and adults with a neurodisability: A systematic review / Ginny Humphreys in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 5-14 Titre : Sleep positioning systems for children and adults with a neurodisability: A systematic review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ginny Humphreys ; Tanya King ; Jo Jex ; Morwenna Rogers ; Sharon Blake ; Jo Thompson-Coon ; Christopher Morris Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 5-14 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618778254 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Postural management  positioning  sleep systems  cerebral palsy  neurodisability  sleep Résumé : Introduction Sleep positioning systems are often prescribed as part of a 24-hour postural management programme for children and adults with neurodisabilities. In a search for evidence of effectiveness for children with cerebral palsy a recent Cochrane review found two randomised controlled trials. This review aims to appraise a broader set of studies including any neurological diagnosis and users of all ages to inform therapists about the quality of the evidence underlying practice. Method A comprehensive search for all peer-reviewed studies that evaluated the use of sleep positioning systems was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library databases, BNI, HMIC, PEDro, OTSeeker and clinical trials registries. Disability organisations, manufacturers and colleagues worldwide were also contacted. Titles were screened for relevance by two reviewers. Data were extracted into bespoke quantitative or qualitative forms by one reviewer and checked by a second. Findings were analysed into simple themes. Results A total of 14 studies were eligible for inclusion; all were small and most were of low quality. Inferences of benefits cannot be made from the literature but also no harm was found. Conclusions The body of evidence supporting practice remains small and mostly of low quality. Therapists should remain cautious when presenting the benefits to families. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80291 [article] Sleep positioning systems for children and adults with a neurodisability: A systematic review [texte imprimé] / Ginny Humphreys ; Tanya King ; Jo Jex ; Morwenna Rogers ; Sharon Blake ; Jo Thompson-Coon ; Christopher Morris . - 2019 . - p. 5-14. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618778254 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 5-14 Mots-clés : Postural management  positioning  sleep systems  cerebral palsy  neurodisability  sleep Résumé : Introduction Sleep positioning systems are often prescribed as part of a 24-hour postural management programme for children and adults with neurodisabilities. In a search for evidence of effectiveness for children with cerebral palsy a recent Cochrane review found two randomised controlled trials. This review aims to appraise a broader set of studies including any neurological diagnosis and users of all ages to inform therapists about the quality of the evidence underlying practice. Method A comprehensive search for all peer-reviewed studies that evaluated the use of sleep positioning systems was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library databases, BNI, HMIC, PEDro, OTSeeker and clinical trials registries. Disability organisations, manufacturers and colleagues worldwide were also contacted. Titles were screened for relevance by two reviewers. Data were extracted into bespoke quantitative or qualitative forms by one reviewer and checked by a second. Findings were analysed into simple themes. Results A total of 14 studies were eligible for inclusion; all were small and most were of low quality. Inferences of benefits cannot be made from the literature but also no harm was found. Conclusions The body of evidence supporting practice remains small and mostly of low quality. Therapists should remain cautious when presenting the benefits to families. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80291

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Enabling meaningful activities and quality of life in long-term care facilities: The stepwise development of a participatory client-centred approach in Flanders / Patricia De Vriendt in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 15-26 Titre : Enabling meaningful activities and quality of life in long-term care facilities: The stepwise development of a participatory client-centred approach in Flanders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Patricia De Vriendt ; Elise Cornelis ; Ruben Vanbosseghem ; Valérie Desmet ; Dominique Van de Velde Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 15-26 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618775880 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intervention  nursing homes  medication  social  satisfaction  systematic approach Résumé : Introduction Meaningful activities of daily living promote the quality of life of residents of long-term care facilities. This project aimed to develop an approach to enable meaningful activities of daily living and to guide long-term care facilities in a creative and innovative attitude towards residents' meaningful activities of daily living. Method The approach was developed in six steps: (1) in-depth-interviews with 14 residents; (2) a survey with 171 residents; (3) a systematic map and synthesis review on interventions enriching meaningful activities of daily living; (4) qualitative analysis of 24 ‘good examples’ and, to support future implementation, (5) focus groups with staff (n = 69). Results determined the components of the new approach which was (6) pilot-tested in one long-term care facility. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered concerning benefits for the residents and feasibility for the staff. Results A client- and activity-oriented approach was developed, characterised by an active participatory attitude of residents and staff and a systematic iterative process. Significant positive effects were found for the number of activities, the satisfaction with the leisure offered, the social network, medication use, but not for quality of life. The approach appeared to be feasible. Conclusion This approach stimulates residents' meaningful activities of daily living and social life. Further investigation is needed to evaluate its outcome and implementation potentials. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80292 [article] Enabling meaningful activities and quality of life in long-term care facilities: The stepwise development of a participatory client-centred approach in Flanders [texte imprimé] / Patricia De Vriendt ; Elise Cornelis ; Ruben Vanbosseghem ; Valérie Desmet ; Dominique Van de Velde . - 2019 . - p. 15-26. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618775880 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 15-26 Mots-clés : Intervention  nursing homes  medication  social  satisfaction  systematic approach Résumé : Introduction Meaningful activities of daily living promote the quality of life of residents of long-term care facilities. This project aimed to develop an approach to enable meaningful activities of daily living and to guide long-term care facilities in a creative and innovative attitude towards residents' meaningful activities of daily living. Method The approach was developed in six steps: (1) in-depth-interviews with 14 residents; (2) a survey with 171 residents; (3) a systematic map and synthesis review on interventions enriching meaningful activities of daily living; (4) qualitative analysis of 24 ‘good examples’ and, to support future implementation, (5) focus groups with staff (n = 69). Results determined the components of the new approach which was (6) pilot-tested in one long-term care facility. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered concerning benefits for the residents and feasibility for the staff. Results A client- and activity-oriented approach was developed, characterised by an active participatory attitude of residents and staff and a systematic iterative process. Significant positive effects were found for the number of activities, the satisfaction with the leisure offered, the social network, medication use, but not for quality of life. The approach appeared to be feasible. Conclusion This approach stimulates residents' meaningful activities of daily living and social life. Further investigation is needed to evaluate its outcome and implementation potentials. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80292

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Return to work after stroke – Feasibility of 6-year follow-up / Julie Phillips in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 27-37 Titre : Return to work after stroke – Feasibility of 6-year follow-up Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julie Phillips ; Kathryn Gaffney ; Margaret Phillips ; Kate Radford Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 27-37 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618791976 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  stroke  feasibility  vocational rehabilitation  long-term effects  barriers and enablers Résumé : Introduction Little is known about long-term work sustainability of stroke survivors. A feasibility trial of early stroke specialist vocational rehabilitation had 32/46 (69.5%) participants available for follow-up at 12 months post stroke. Of these, 19/32 (59.4%) were in work. This study aims to determine the feasibility of longer-term follow-up and explore work status 6 years post stroke. Method Forty-eight participants fitting criteria for the feasibility trial were sent postal questionnaires measuring employment, income, mood, functional ability and quality of life, and were invited for interview to explore working 6 years after stroke. Ethical approval was obtained. Results Of the 48 participants, five (10.4%) had died; 19/43 (44.2%) responded. Fourteen were men; mean age 62 (24–78) years. Fourteen (74%) reported working (paid work n = 10, voluntary work n = 3, full-time education n = 1). Five had retired. Most (11/13) remained with preinjury employers. Half (8/15, 53%) reported decreased income since stroke. Compared to one year, median functional ability was marginally higher (extended activities of daily living 63 (IQR 8, range 32–66) to 60 (IQR 9, range 17–66)), but health-related quality of life was lower (EuroQuol Visual Analogue Scale mean 77.4 [SD 11] to 70.7 [SD14]). Six interviewees felt returning to work was the correct decision but struggled with invisible impairments. Conclusion This study suggests that long-term follow-up is feasible and that those who made a good recovery were more likely to respond. Work remains important to stroke survivors 6 years post stroke. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80293 [article] Return to work after stroke – Feasibility of 6-year follow-up [texte imprimé] / Julie Phillips ; Kathryn Gaffney ; Margaret Phillips ; Kate Radford . - 2019 . - p. 27-37. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618791976 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 27-37 Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  stroke  feasibility  vocational rehabilitation  long-term effects  barriers and enablers Résumé : Introduction Little is known about long-term work sustainability of stroke survivors. A feasibility trial of early stroke specialist vocational rehabilitation had 32/46 (69.5%) participants available for follow-up at 12 months post stroke. Of these, 19/32 (59.4%) were in work. This study aims to determine the feasibility of longer-term follow-up and explore work status 6 years post stroke. Method Forty-eight participants fitting criteria for the feasibility trial were sent postal questionnaires measuring employment, income, mood, functional ability and quality of life, and were invited for interview to explore working 6 years after stroke. Ethical approval was obtained. Results Of the 48 participants, five (10.4%) had died; 19/43 (44.2%) responded. Fourteen were men; mean age 62 (24–78) years. Fourteen (74%) reported working (paid work n = 10, voluntary work n = 3, full-time education n = 1). Five had retired. Most (11/13) remained with preinjury employers. Half (8/15, 53%) reported decreased income since stroke. Compared to one year, median functional ability was marginally higher (extended activities of daily living 63 (IQR 8, range 32–66) to 60 (IQR 9, range 17–66)), but health-related quality of life was lower (EuroQuol Visual Analogue Scale mean 77.4 [SD 11] to 70.7 [SD14]). Six interviewees felt returning to work was the correct decision but struggled with invisible impairments. Conclusion This study suggests that long-term follow-up is feasible and that those who made a good recovery were more likely to respond. Work remains important to stroke survivors 6 years post stroke. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80293

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Influences on uptake of a community occupational therapy intervention for people with dementia and their family carers / Becky Field in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 38-47 Titre : Influences on uptake of a community occupational therapy intervention for people with dementia and their family carers Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Becky Field ; Elisabeth Coates ; Gail Mountain Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 38-47 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618804479 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Dementia  psychosocial intervention  occupational therapy  secondary analysis  qualitative research  community Résumé : Introduction Health policy promotes living well with dementia. Occupational therapists deliver interventions to support people with dementia and family carers to live well. This study aimed at identifying influences on uptake of a community occupational therapy intervention by people with dementia and carers, as little evidence about this topic exists. Method Seventeen semi-structured, paired interviews with people with dementia and carers were conducted as part of the ‘Valuing Active Life in Dementia’ research programme. A secondary, qualitative analysis of these interviews explored influences on uptake of the intervention. Findings Four main themes were identified: ‘Grabbing at straws and keen to take part’; ‘We’re trying to put a routine in’; ‘We didn’t know what to expect’, and ‘Give it a go’. Factors identified as potentially influencing uptake included whether the intervention was perceived as potentially meeting needs for support and activity, and whether participants were struggling to adjust or cope. Conclusion Despite limited expectations or apprehension, uptake of this intervention was demonstrated. Understanding why people with dementia and carers accept intervention offers can inform what occupational therapists provide and how it is offered. Further research is required to determine the occupational therapy interventions people with dementia and carers might find supportive at different stages of the disease trajectory. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80294 [article] Influences on uptake of a community occupational therapy intervention for people with dementia and their family carers [texte imprimé] / Becky Field ; Elisabeth Coates ; Gail Mountain . - 2019 . - p. 38-47. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618804479 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 38-47 Mots-clés : Dementia  psychosocial intervention  occupational therapy  secondary analysis  qualitative research  community Résumé : Introduction Health policy promotes living well with dementia. Occupational therapists deliver interventions to support people with dementia and family carers to live well. This study aimed at identifying influences on uptake of a community occupational therapy intervention by people with dementia and carers, as little evidence about this topic exists. Method Seventeen semi-structured, paired interviews with people with dementia and carers were conducted as part of the ‘Valuing Active Life in Dementia’ research programme. A secondary, qualitative analysis of these interviews explored influences on uptake of the intervention. Findings Four main themes were identified: ‘Grabbing at straws and keen to take part’; ‘We’re trying to put a routine in’; ‘We didn’t know what to expect’, and ‘Give it a go’. Factors identified as potentially influencing uptake included whether the intervention was perceived as potentially meeting needs for support and activity, and whether participants were struggling to adjust or cope. Conclusion Despite limited expectations or apprehension, uptake of this intervention was demonstrated. Understanding why people with dementia and carers accept intervention offers can inform what occupational therapists provide and how it is offered. Further research is required to determine the occupational therapy interventions people with dementia and carers might find supportive at different stages of the disease trajectory. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80294

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The Housing Enabler instrument: Assessing threats to reliability and validity / Lizette Norin in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 48-59 Titre : The Housing Enabler instrument: Assessing threats to reliability and validity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lizette Norin ; Susanne Iwarsson ; Maria Haak ; Björn Slaug Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 48-59 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618782329 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reliability  validity  Housing Enabler instrument  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The Housing Enabler instrument, designed to measure housing accessibility, has not been used in samples with long-standing spinal cord injury. We aimed to investigate potential threats to the reliability and validity of the instrument when used among older adults with spinal cord injury. Method Cross-sectional data from the Swedish Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Study (N = 123, injury levels C1–L5) were utilised. The potential effect on the reliability and content validity of the House Enabler was qualitatively considered and reviewed in an iterative evaluation procedure. To analyse the potential effect on construct validity, simulations adjusting accessibility problem scores for housing adaptations and use of mobility devices were conducted. Findings Considerable threats to the reliability and content validity of the Housing Enabler were identified. The simulated analysis of construct validity showed a modest overall effect on the accessibility problem scores, although this was substantial in some individuals. Conclusion Data collection and analyses of housing accessibility with the Housing Enabler in samples characterised by high frequencies of housing adaptations and/or use of mobility devices (such as powered wheelchairs) require particular attention. Further studies are needed to propose optimisation of the instrument for use in such contexts, followed by psychometric testing to maintain reliability and validity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80295 [article] The Housing Enabler instrument: Assessing threats to reliability and validity [texte imprimé] / Lizette Norin ; Susanne Iwarsson ; Maria Haak ; Björn Slaug . - 2019 . - p. 48-59. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618782329 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 48-59 Mots-clés : Reliability  validity  Housing Enabler instrument  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction The Housing Enabler instrument, designed to measure housing accessibility, has not been used in samples with long-standing spinal cord injury. We aimed to investigate potential threats to the reliability and validity of the instrument when used among older adults with spinal cord injury. Method Cross-sectional data from the Swedish Aging with Spinal Cord Injury Study (N = 123, injury levels C1–L5) were utilised. The potential effect on the reliability and content validity of the House Enabler was qualitatively considered and reviewed in an iterative evaluation procedure. To analyse the potential effect on construct validity, simulations adjusting accessibility problem scores for housing adaptations and use of mobility devices were conducted. Findings Considerable threats to the reliability and content validity of the Housing Enabler were identified. The simulated analysis of construct validity showed a modest overall effect on the accessibility problem scores, although this was substantial in some individuals. Conclusion Data collection and analyses of housing accessibility with the Housing Enabler in samples characterised by high frequencies of housing adaptations and/or use of mobility devices (such as powered wheelchairs) require particular attention. Further studies are needed to propose optimisation of the instrument for use in such contexts, followed by psychometric testing to maintain reliability and validity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80295

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Weaving a clinical academic career: Illuminating the method and pattern to follow / Laura Di Bona in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 60-64 Titre : Weaving a clinical academic career: Illuminating the method and pattern to follow Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura Di Bona ; Becky Field ; Jennifer Read ; Natalie Jones ; Sally Fowler Davis ; Peter Cudd ; Laura Evans Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 60-64 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618784258 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Research  clinical academic  professional development  research methods and methodology  education  occupational therapy Résumé : The benefits of developing occupational therapists as clinical academics are well recognised. They include improved healthcare outcomes and experiences for service users, efficiencies for organisations and increased prominence of occupational therapy within healthcare. Yet occupational therapists describe uncertainty about how best to navigate clinical academic career pathways. We suggest that occupational therapists can increase their research aspirations, confidence and capacity by following a four-step method, weaving together clinical, academic and personal development. We outline our view of clinical academic development as a process with flexibility to incorporate occupational therapists’ diversity of interests and circumstances. By demystifying and illuminating the process of clinical academic development, we believe that occupational therapists may be able to weave more clinical academic development opportunities into their careers and increase the profession’s research capacity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80296 [article] Weaving a clinical academic career: Illuminating the method and pattern to follow [texte imprimé] / Laura Di Bona ; Becky Field ; Jennifer Read ; Natalie Jones ; Sally Fowler Davis ; Peter Cudd ; Laura Evans . - 2019 . - p. 60-64. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618784258 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 1 (Janvier 2019) . - p. 60-64 Mots-clés : Research  clinical academic  professional development  research methods and methodology  education  occupational therapy Résumé : The benefits of developing occupational therapists as clinical academics are well recognised. They include improved healthcare outcomes and experiences for service users, efficiencies for organisations and increased prominence of occupational therapy within healthcare. Yet occupational therapists describe uncertainty about how best to navigate clinical academic career pathways. We suggest that occupational therapists can increase their research aspirations, confidence and capacity by following a four-step method, weaving together clinical, academic and personal development. We outline our view of clinical academic development as a process with flexibility to incorporate occupational therapists’ diversity of interests and circumstances. By demystifying and illuminating the process of clinical academic development, we believe that occupational therapists may be able to weave more clinical academic development opportunities into their careers and increase the profession’s research capacity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80296

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