Contribution of Head Position, Standing Surface, and Vision to Postural Control in Community-Dwelling Older Adults / Fredrick D. POCIASK in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 70/1 (janvier-février 2016)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 70/1 (janvier-février 2016) Titre : Contribution of Head Position, Standing Surface, and Vision to Postural Control in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fredrick D. POCIASK ; Rosanne DiZAZZO-MILLER ; Allon GOLDBERG ; et al. Année de publication : 2016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Personne âgée  Tête  Posture  Chute  Déséquilibre Résumé : Postural control requires the integration of sensorimotor information to maintain balance and to properly position and orient the body in response to external stimuli. Age-related declines in peripheral and central sensory and motor function contribute to postural instability and falls. This study investigated the contribution of head position, standing surface, and vision on postural sway in 26 community-dwelling older adults. Participants were asked to maintain a stable posture under conditions that varied standing surface, head position, and the availability of visual information. Significant main and interaction effects were found for all three factors. Findings from this study suggest that postural sway responses require the integration of available sources of sensory information. These results have important implications for fall risks in older adults and suggest that when standing with the head extended and eyes closed, older adults may place themselves at risk for postural disequilibrium and loss of balance. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=42006 [article] Contribution of Head Position, Standing Surface, and Vision to Postural Control in Community-Dwelling Older Adults [texte imprimé] / Fredrick D. POCIASK ; Rosanne DiZAZZO-MILLER ; Allon GOLDBERG ; et al. . - 2016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 70/1 (janvier-février 2016) Mots-clés : Personne âgée  Tête  Posture  Chute  Déséquilibre Résumé : Postural control requires the integration of sensorimotor information to maintain balance and to properly position and orient the body in response to external stimuli. Age-related declines in peripheral and central sensory and motor function contribute to postural instability and falls. This study investigated the contribution of head position, standing surface, and vision on postural sway in 26 community-dwelling older adults. Participants were asked to maintain a stable posture under conditions that varied standing surface, head position, and the availability of visual information. Significant main and interaction effects were found for all three factors. Findings from this study suggest that postural sway responses require the integration of available sources of sensory information. These results have important implications for fall risks in older adults and suggest that when standing with the head extended and eyes closed, older adults may place themselves at risk for postural disequilibrium and loss of balance. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=42006

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Reducing cognitive load while teaching complex instruction to occupational therapy students / Fredrick D. POCIASK in American Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 67/5 (septembre-octobre 2013)

Public ISBD [article]  inAmerican Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 67/5 (septembre-octobre 2013) . - p.583-583 Titre : Reducing cognitive load while teaching complex instruction to occupational therapy students Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fredrick D. POCIASK ; Rosanne DiZAZZO-MILLER ; Preethy S. SAMUEL Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.583-583 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Développement intellectuel  Apprentissage cognitif  Processus apprentissage  Etudiant  Ergothérapie  Mémoire Résumé : Cognitive load theory is a field of research used to improve the learning of complex cognitive tasks by matching instruction to the learner's cognitive architecture. We used an experimental posttest control-group design to test the effectiveness of instruction designed to reduce cognitive load (CL) and improve instructional effectiveness in teaching complex instruction to 24 first-year master's students under authentic classroom conditions. We modified historically taught instruction using an isolated-to-interacting-elements sequencing approach intended to reduce high CL levels. We compared control and modified instructional formats using written assessment scores, subjective ratings of CL, and task completion times. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for postinstruction, posttest CL ratings, and delayed written posttest scores (p < .05). No significant differences were identified for posttest completion times. Findings suggest that this approach can be used to improve instructional efficiency in teaching human locomotion to occupational therapy students. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14212 [article] Reducing cognitive load while teaching complex instruction to occupational therapy students [texte imprimé] / Fredrick D. POCIASK ; Rosanne DiZAZZO-MILLER ; Preethy S. SAMUEL . - 2013 . - p.583-583. Langues : Anglais (eng) in American Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 67/5 (septembre-octobre 2013) . - p.583-583 Mots-clés : Développement intellectuel  Apprentissage cognitif  Processus apprentissage  Etudiant  Ergothérapie  Mémoire Résumé : Cognitive load theory is a field of research used to improve the learning of complex cognitive tasks by matching instruction to the learner's cognitive architecture. We used an experimental posttest control-group design to test the effectiveness of instruction designed to reduce cognitive load (CL) and improve instructional effectiveness in teaching complex instruction to 24 first-year master's students under authentic classroom conditions. We modified historically taught instruction using an isolated-to-interacting-elements sequencing approach intended to reduce high CL levels. We compared control and modified instructional formats using written assessment scores, subjective ratings of CL, and task completion times. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for postinstruction, posttest CL ratings, and delayed written posttest scores (p < .05). No significant differences were identified for posttest completion times. Findings suggest that this approach can be used to improve instructional efficiency in teaching human locomotion to occupational therapy students. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=14212

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