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3R measures in facilities for the production of genetically modified rodents / Branko Zevnik in LabAnimal, Vol.22 N°7 (juillet 2022)
[article]
Titre : 3R measures in facilities for the production of genetically modified rodents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Branko Zevnik ; Boris Jerchow ; Thorsten Buch Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : p. 8-26 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : animal breeding CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing ethics Genetic engineering Résumé : Sociocultural changes in the human–animal relationship have led to increasing demands for animal welfare in biomedical research. The 3R concept is the basis for bringing this demand into practice: Replace animal experiments with alternatives where possible, Reduce the number of animals used to a scientifically justified minimum and Refine the procedure to minimize animal harm. The generation of gene-modified sentient animals such as mice and rats involves many steps that include various forms of manipulation. So far, no coherent analysis of the application of the 3Rs to gene manipulation has been performed. Here we provide guidelines from the Committee on Genetics and Breeding of Laboratory Animals of the German Society for Laboratory Animal Science to implement the 3Rs in every step during the generation of genetically modified animals. We provide recommendations for applying the 3Rs as well as success/intervention parameters for each step of the process, from experiment planning to choice of technology, harm–benefit analysis, husbandry conditions, management of genetically modified lines and actual procedures. We also discuss future challenges for animal welfare in the context of developing technologies. Taken together, we expect that our comprehensive analysis and our recommendations for the appropriate implementation of the 3Rs to technologies for genetic modifications of rodents will benefit scientists from a wide range of disciplines and will help to improve the welfare of a large number of laboratory animals worldwide. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=105020
in LabAnimal > Vol.22 N°7 (juillet 2022) . - p. 8-26[article] 3R measures in facilities for the production of genetically modified rodents [texte imprimé] / Branko Zevnik ; Boris Jerchow ; Thorsten Buch . - 2022 . - p. 8-26.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in LabAnimal > Vol.22 N°7 (juillet 2022) . - p. 8-26
Mots-clés : animal breeding CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing ethics Genetic engineering Résumé : Sociocultural changes in the human–animal relationship have led to increasing demands for animal welfare in biomedical research. The 3R concept is the basis for bringing this demand into practice: Replace animal experiments with alternatives where possible, Reduce the number of animals used to a scientifically justified minimum and Refine the procedure to minimize animal harm. The generation of gene-modified sentient animals such as mice and rats involves many steps that include various forms of manipulation. So far, no coherent analysis of the application of the 3Rs to gene manipulation has been performed. Here we provide guidelines from the Committee on Genetics and Breeding of Laboratory Animals of the German Society for Laboratory Animal Science to implement the 3Rs in every step during the generation of genetically modified animals. We provide recommendations for applying the 3Rs as well as success/intervention parameters for each step of the process, from experiment planning to choice of technology, harm–benefit analysis, husbandry conditions, management of genetically modified lines and actual procedures. We also discuss future challenges for animal welfare in the context of developing technologies. Taken together, we expect that our comprehensive analysis and our recommendations for the appropriate implementation of the 3Rs to technologies for genetic modifications of rodents will benefit scientists from a wide range of disciplines and will help to improve the welfare of a large number of laboratory animals worldwide. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=105020 Réservation
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DisponibleAn empirical investigation into the role of values in occupational therapy decision-making / Yvonne Thomas in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 6 (Juin 2019)
[article]
Titre : An empirical investigation into the role of values in occupational therapy decision-making Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yvonne Thomas ; David Seedhouse ; Vanessa Peutherer ; Michael Loughlin Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 357-366 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619829722 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Healthcare values ethics education occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction
The importance of values in occupational therapy is generally agreed; however, there is no consensus about their nature or their influence on practice. It is widely assumed that occupational therapists hold and act on a body of shared values, yet there is a lack of evidence to support this.
Method
The research tested the hypothesis that occupational therapists’ responses to ethically challenging situations would reveal common values specific to the occupational therapy profession. A total of 156 occupational therapists were asked to decide what should be done in five common-place yet ethically complex situations, presented as scenarios for debate.
Results
The results show that while most occupational therapists share very general values, they frequently disagree about what to do in practice situations, often justifying their choices with different and sometimes conflicting specific values. In some cases, the same respondents espouse contradictory values in similar situations.
Conclusion
The extensive literature about decision-making – together with the study’s results – confirm that when occupational therapists make decisions, they draw on multiple factors, consciously and unconsciously. These factors vary between individuals. Value judgements are one part only of a complex process which includes personal experience, intuition, social influences, culture, psychological influences and relationships with both colleagues and clients.Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84443
in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 6 (Juin 2019) . - p. 357-366[article] An empirical investigation into the role of values in occupational therapy decision-making [texte imprimé] / Yvonne Thomas ; David Seedhouse ; Vanessa Peutherer ; Michael Loughlin . - 2019 . - p. 357-366.
doi.org/10.1177/0308022619829722
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 6 (Juin 2019) . - p. 357-366
Mots-clés : Healthcare values ethics education occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction
The importance of values in occupational therapy is generally agreed; however, there is no consensus about their nature or their influence on practice. It is widely assumed that occupational therapists hold and act on a body of shared values, yet there is a lack of evidence to support this.
Method
The research tested the hypothesis that occupational therapists’ responses to ethically challenging situations would reveal common values specific to the occupational therapy profession. A total of 156 occupational therapists were asked to decide what should be done in five common-place yet ethically complex situations, presented as scenarios for debate.
Results
The results show that while most occupational therapists share very general values, they frequently disagree about what to do in practice situations, often justifying their choices with different and sometimes conflicting specific values. In some cases, the same respondents espouse contradictory values in similar situations.
Conclusion
The extensive literature about decision-making – together with the study’s results – confirm that when occupational therapists make decisions, they draw on multiple factors, consciously and unconsciously. These factors vary between individuals. Value judgements are one part only of a complex process which includes personal experience, intuition, social influences, culture, psychological influences and relationships with both colleagues and clients.Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84443 Exemplaires (1)
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Exclu du prêtAre Faculty Prepared To Address Ethical Issues in Education? / Elizabeth M. Kanny in WFOT Bulletin, N°39 (01/05/1999)
[article]
Titre : Are Faculty Prepared To Address Ethical Issues in Education? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth M. Kanny, Auteur ; Penny L. Kyler, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : pp. 7-11 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Ethics Professional Faculty Occupational Therapy Responsibility Preparedness Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7267
in WFOT Bulletin > N°39 (01/05/1999) . - pp. 7-11[article] Are Faculty Prepared To Address Ethical Issues in Education? [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth M. Kanny, Auteur ; Penny L. Kyler, Auteur . - 1999 . - pp. 7-11.
Langues : Français (fre)
in WFOT Bulletin > N°39 (01/05/1999) . - pp. 7-11
Mots-clés : Ethics Professional Faculty Occupational Therapy Responsibility Preparedness Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7267 Exemplaires (1)
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Exclu du prêtContractual Agreements and Occupational Therapy Practice / Elizabeth M. Kanny in WFOT Bulletin, N°39 (01/05/1999)
[article]
Titre : Contractual Agreements and Occupational Therapy Practice Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth M. Kanny, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : pp. 12-16 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Ethics contractual Agreements Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7268
in WFOT Bulletin > N°39 (01/05/1999) . - pp. 12-16[article] Contractual Agreements and Occupational Therapy Practice [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth M. Kanny, Auteur . - 1999 . - pp. 12-16.
Langues : Français (fre)
in WFOT Bulletin > N°39 (01/05/1999) . - pp. 12-16
Mots-clés : Ethics contractual Agreements Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7268 Exemplaires (1)
Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité Revue Revue Centre de Documentation HELHa Campus Montignies Réserve Consultable sur demande auprès des documentalistes
Exclu du prêt