Assessment of the epidemiological importance of experimentally ZIKA virus competent Culex quinquefasciatus / William Maroy

Public ISBD Titre : Assessment of the epidemiological importance of experimentally ZIKA virus competent Culex quinquefasciatus Type de document : TFE / Mémoire Auteurs : William Maroy, Auteur ; Caroline Charlier, Directeur de la recherche Editeur : Montignies-sur-Sambre : Helha. Paramédical - Biologie médicale Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : Le fichier numérique de ce document est disponible uniquement pour les membres de la Haute Ecole Louvain-en-Hainaut ainsi que ses étudiants. Veuillez vous connecter pour accéder à votre compte lecteur. Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : biologie médicale  Erasmus  University of Liverpool  Zika  Zika (Virus) Index. décimale : TFE Bio Med TFE Biologie médicale Résumé : First discovered in the late 1940s in the forests of Uganda, the Zika virus is now spread in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, covering a large territory from South America to Asia. Even if the symptoms are benign for a vast majority people, it can cause serious damages to the foetus of pregnant women with disastrous consequences at birth. As no treatment is currently available, the fight against the virus focuses on its transmission paths. Of these, the main vector of the virus is the bite of an infected mosquito. It is therefore imperative to identify all the species capable of transmitting the virus to fight more efficiently and accurately against them. The current mosquito species considered as Zika virus vectors are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The Culex quinquefasciatus species stirs the scientific community. Indeed, while most of the laboratory studies demonstrated no possibility for this to be a potential vector, data collected on the field and some other studies showed the opposite. As the Culex quinquefasciatus species behaves, feeds, and lives in a different way than the Aedes, it would be important to know if they can be considered as a Zika virus vector or not to adapt some control measures. Our work takes position in the debate and aims to provide answers by experimentally testing the epidemiological potential of the Culex quinquefasciatus species to transmit the Zika virus and so be a potential cause of epidemic. Note de contenu : Workplace presentation ............................................................................................................ 9 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 11 1. General context .................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 1 : Arbovirus .............................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 2 : Zika virus .............................................................................................................. 13 2.1) Epidemiology ..................................................................................................................... 13 2.2) Clinical signs....................................................................................................................... 15 2.3) Diagnostic .......................................................................................................................... 18 2.4) Treatment .......................................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 3 : Mosquitoes ........................................................................................................... 21 3.1) Generalities ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.2) Aedes spp ........................................................................................................................... 22 3.3) Culex quinquefasciatus ...................................................................................................... 24 3.4) Effect of temperature on mosquito .................................................................................. 24 2. Goal and strategy ................................................................................................................ 25 3. Materials and method ........................................................................................................ 25 3.1) Materials ............................................................................................................................ 25 3.2) Method .............................................................................................................................. 26 Step 1: Rearing the eggs until the pupae stage ........................................................................ 26 Step 2: Creation of the two populations .................................................................................. 26 Step 3: Sorting ......................................................................................................................... 26 Step 4: Feeding monitoring ...................................................................................................... 27 Step 5: Mortality monitoring .................................................................................................... 28 4. Results and discussion ......................................................................................................... 29 4.1) Results ............................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1) Mortality ......................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.2) Feeding behaviour .......................................................................................................... 31 4.2) Discussion ......................................................................................................................... 33 4.2.1) Difficulties ....................................................................................................................... 33 4.2.2) Mortality ......................................................................................................................... 34 4.2.3) Feeding behaviour .......................................................................................................... 35 4.2.4) Epidemiological impact of heat-shocking ...................................................................... 35 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 39 Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 41-44 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79995 Assessment of the epidemiological importance of experimentally ZIKA virus competent Culex quinquefasciatus [TFE / Mémoire] / William Maroy, Auteur ; Caroline Charlier, Directeur de la recherche . - Montignies-sur-Sambre : Helha. Paramédical - Biologie médicale, 2019. Le fichier numérique de ce document est disponible uniquement pour les membres de la Haute Ecole Louvain-en-Hainaut ainsi que ses étudiants. Veuillez vous connecter pour accéder à votre compte lecteur. Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : biologie médicale  Erasmus  University of Liverpool  Zika  Zika (Virus) Index. décimale : TFE Bio Med TFE Biologie médicale Résumé : First discovered in the late 1940s in the forests of Uganda, the Zika virus is now spread in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, covering a large territory from South America to Asia. Even if the symptoms are benign for a vast majority people, it can cause serious damages to the foetus of pregnant women with disastrous consequences at birth. As no treatment is currently available, the fight against the virus focuses on its transmission paths. Of these, the main vector of the virus is the bite of an infected mosquito. It is therefore imperative to identify all the species capable of transmitting the virus to fight more efficiently and accurately against them. The current mosquito species considered as Zika virus vectors are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The Culex quinquefasciatus species stirs the scientific community. Indeed, while most of the laboratory studies demonstrated no possibility for this to be a potential vector, data collected on the field and some other studies showed the opposite. As the Culex quinquefasciatus species behaves, feeds, and lives in a different way than the Aedes, it would be important to know if they can be considered as a Zika virus vector or not to adapt some control measures. Our work takes position in the debate and aims to provide answers by experimentally testing the epidemiological potential of the Culex quinquefasciatus species to transmit the Zika virus and so be a potential cause of epidemic. Note de contenu : Workplace presentation ............................................................................................................ 9 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 11 1. General context .................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 1 : Arbovirus .............................................................................................................. 13 Chapter 2 : Zika virus .............................................................................................................. 13 2.1) Epidemiology ..................................................................................................................... 13 2.2) Clinical signs....................................................................................................................... 15 2.3) Diagnostic .......................................................................................................................... 18 2.4) Treatment .......................................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 3 : Mosquitoes ........................................................................................................... 21 3.1) Generalities ....................................................................................................................... 21 3.2) Aedes spp ........................................................................................................................... 22 3.3) Culex quinquefasciatus ...................................................................................................... 24 3.4) Effect of temperature on mosquito .................................................................................. 24 2. Goal and strategy ................................................................................................................ 25 3. Materials and method ........................................................................................................ 25 3.1) Materials ............................................................................................................................ 25 3.2) Method .............................................................................................................................. 26 Step 1: Rearing the eggs until the pupae stage ........................................................................ 26 Step 2: Creation of the two populations .................................................................................. 26 Step 3: Sorting ......................................................................................................................... 26 Step 4: Feeding monitoring ...................................................................................................... 27 Step 5: Mortality monitoring .................................................................................................... 28 4. Results and discussion ......................................................................................................... 29 4.1) Results ............................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1) Mortality ......................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.2) Feeding behaviour .......................................................................................................... 31 4.2) Discussion ......................................................................................................................... 33 4.2.1) Difficulties ....................................................................................................................... 33 4.2.2) Mortality ......................................................................................................................... 34 4.2.3) Feeding behaviour .......................................................................................................... 35 4.2.4) Epidemiological impact of heat-shocking ...................................................................... 35 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 39 Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 41-44 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79995

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