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A systems biology approach to understand the effects of diet on lifespan / Alexandra Le Bras in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 4 Titre : A systems biology approach to understand the effects of diet on lifespan Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandra Le Bras Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 4 Note générale : DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-020-0632-z Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Dietary restriction (DR), which refers to a reduction in food intake without malnutrition, effectively prolongs lifespan in various species. However, several studies in rodents and Drosophila have shown that this effect is not universal and DR response can vary between strains and genotypes. To identify the mechanisms underlying this variation, a team of investigators led by Daniel Promislow from University of Washington exposed 178 inbred Drosophila melanogaster lines to either a DR or ad libitum (AL) diet. By comparing lifespan response to DR in the different strains and integrating genomic and metabolomic data, the team was able to identify several gene–metabolite networks involved in DR response variation. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0632-z Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90500 [article] A systems biology approach to understand the effects of diet on lifespan [texte imprimé] / Alexandra Le Bras . - 2020 . - p. 4. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41684-020-0632-z Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 4 Résumé : Dietary restriction (DR), which refers to a reduction in food intake without malnutrition, effectively prolongs lifespan in various species. However, several studies in rodents and Drosophila have shown that this effect is not universal and DR response can vary between strains and genotypes. To identify the mechanisms underlying this variation, a team of investigators led by Daniel Promislow from University of Washington exposed 178 inbred Drosophila melanogaster lines to either a DR or ad libitum (AL) diet. By comparing lifespan response to DR in the different strains and integrating genomic and metabolomic data, the team was able to identify several gene–metabolite networks involved in DR response variation. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0632-z Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90500

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A knock-in mouse lights up killer T cells / Ellen P. Neff in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 7 Titre : A knock-in mouse lights up killer T cells Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ellen P. Neff Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are a type of white blood cell that the adaptive immune system sets to work against invaders. That includes foreign foes, such as bacteria and viruses, as well as familiar ones—CTLs can also identify and kill cancerous cells, raising the possibility that these cells could prove useful in immunotherapies. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0634-x Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90501 [article] A knock-in mouse lights up killer T cells [texte imprimé] / Ellen P. Neff . - 2020 . - p. 7. Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 7 Résumé : Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are a type of white blood cell that the adaptive immune system sets to work against invaders. That includes foreign foes, such as bacteria and viruses, as well as familiar ones—CTLs can also identify and kill cancerous cells, raising the possibility that these cells could prove useful in immunotherapies. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0634-x Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90501

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Zebrafish exhibit associative learning for an aversive robotic stimulus / Simone Macri in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 12-19 Titre : Zebrafish exhibit associative learning for an aversive robotic stimulus Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simone Macri ; Mert Karakaya ; Chiara Spinello ; et al. Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 12-19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Zebrafish have quickly emerged as a species of choice in preclinical research, holding promise to advance the field of behavioral pharmacology through high-throughput experiments. Besides biological and heuristic considerations, zebrafish also constitute a fundamental tool that fosters the replacement of mammals with less sentient experimental subjects. Notwithstanding these features, experimental paradigms to investigate emotional and cognitive domains in zebrafish are still limited. Studies on emotional memories have provided sound methodologies to investigate fear conditioning in zebrafish, but these protocols may still benefit from a reconsideration of the independent variables adopted to elicit aversion. Here, we designed a fear-conditioning paradigm in which wild-type zebrafish were familiarized over six training sessions with an empty compartment and a fear-eliciting one. The fearful stimulus was represented by three zebrafish replicas exhibiting a fully synchronized and polarized motion as they were maneuvered along 3D trajectories by a robotic platform. When allowed to freely swim between the two compartments in the absence of the robotic stimulus (test session), zebrafish displayed a marked avoidance of the stimulus-paired one. To investigate whether fear conditioning was modulated by psychoactive compounds, two groups of zebrafish were administered ethanol (0.25% and 1.00%, ethanol/water, by volume) a few minutes before the test session. We observed that ethanol administration abolished the conditioned avoidance of the stimulus-paired compartment. Ultimately, this study confirms that robotic stimuli may be used in the design of fear-conditioning paradigms, which are sensitive to pharmacological manipulations. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90502 [article] Zebrafish exhibit associative learning for an aversive robotic stimulus [texte imprimé] / Simone Macri ; Mert Karakaya ; Chiara Spinello ; et al. . - 2020 . - p. 12-19. Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 12-19 Résumé : Zebrafish have quickly emerged as a species of choice in preclinical research, holding promise to advance the field of behavioral pharmacology through high-throughput experiments. Besides biological and heuristic considerations, zebrafish also constitute a fundamental tool that fosters the replacement of mammals with less sentient experimental subjects. Notwithstanding these features, experimental paradigms to investigate emotional and cognitive domains in zebrafish are still limited. Studies on emotional memories have provided sound methodologies to investigate fear conditioning in zebrafish, but these protocols may still benefit from a reconsideration of the independent variables adopted to elicit aversion. Here, we designed a fear-conditioning paradigm in which wild-type zebrafish were familiarized over six training sessions with an empty compartment and a fear-eliciting one. The fearful stimulus was represented by three zebrafish replicas exhibiting a fully synchronized and polarized motion as they were maneuvered along 3D trajectories by a robotic platform. When allowed to freely swim between the two compartments in the absence of the robotic stimulus (test session), zebrafish displayed a marked avoidance of the stimulus-paired one. To investigate whether fear conditioning was modulated by psychoactive compounds, two groups of zebrafish were administered ethanol (0.25% and 1.00%, ethanol/water, by volume) a few minutes before the test session. We observed that ethanol administration abolished the conditioned avoidance of the stimulus-paired compartment. Ultimately, this study confirms that robotic stimuli may be used in the design of fear-conditioning paradigms, which are sensitive to pharmacological manipulations. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90502

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Know Your Model: The role of sex in phenotype penetrance and severity / Susan M. Bello in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 22-24 Titre : Know Your Model: The role of sex in phenotype penetrance and severity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Susan M. Bello ; Michelle N. Perry ; Cynthia L. Smith Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 22-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : There’s growing evidence that sex-based differences can influence phenotypes beyond those directly related to the reproductive system; to fully understand a gene’s function, researchers should consider both male and female subjects. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90503 [article] Know Your Model: The role of sex in phenotype penetrance and severity [texte imprimé] / Susan M. Bello ; Michelle N. Perry ; Cynthia L. Smith . - 2020 . - p. 22-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 22-24 Résumé : There’s growing evidence that sex-based differences can influence phenotypes beyond those directly related to the reproductive system; to fully understand a gene’s function, researchers should consider both male and female subjects. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90503

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A day in the life of a mosquito insectary team: pushing for solutions to mosquito-borne diseases / Robyn R. Raban in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - P. 25-27 Titre : A day in the life of a mosquito insectary team: pushing for solutions to mosquito-borne diseases Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robyn R. Raban ; S. Akbari Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : P. 25-27 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Robyn Raban and Omar Akbari describe a day in the life of the mosquito insectary team at the University of California, San Diego, outlining the procedures, goals, and types of systems they are engineering to control mosquito-transmitted diseases. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90504 [article] A day in the life of a mosquito insectary team: pushing for solutions to mosquito-borne diseases [texte imprimé] / Robyn R. Raban ; S. Akbari . - 2020 . - P. 25-27. Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - P. 25-27 Résumé : Robyn Raban and Omar Akbari describe a day in the life of the mosquito insectary team at the University of California, San Diego, outlining the procedures, goals, and types of systems they are engineering to control mosquito-transmitted diseases. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90504

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Set lasers to image / Ellen P. Neff in LabAnimal, 10/2020 (Octobre 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inLabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 33-38 Titre : Set lasers to image Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ellen P. Neff Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 33-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Engineers and neuroscientists working to advance multiphoton microscopy are pushing the depths, speeds, and scales of in vivo imaging. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0623-0 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90505 [article] Set lasers to image [texte imprimé] / Ellen P. Neff . - 2020 . - p. 33-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in LabAnimal > 10/2020 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 33-38 Résumé : Engineers and neuroscientists working to advance multiphoton microscopy are pushing the depths, speeds, and scales of in vivo imaging. En ligne : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41684-020-0623-0 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90505

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