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The continuing evolution of “Cerebral Palsy” / Peter L. Rosenbaum in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 387-388 Titre : The continuing evolution of “Cerebral Palsy” Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter L. Rosenbaum ; Bernard Dan Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 387-388 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.09.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP) is a relatively recent concept in the history of medicine. Famously, a few pre-scientific feature descriptions have been interpreted as possible references to congenital deformity; examples are Homer's characterization of Hephaistos as god of the “crook foot” (Iliad, XXI, 331) or the title character's self-description in William Shakespeare's King Richard III (I, 1) as “Cheated of feature by dissembling nature/Deformed, unfinish’d, sent before my time/Into this breathing world, scarce half made up,/And that so lamely and unfashionable/That dogs bark at me as I halt by them.” However, these descriptions primarily serve literary purposes and have limited diagnostic value. (Incidentally, analysis of the remains of the historic Richard III suggested no signs of cerebral palsy but slight adolescent-onset idiopathic scoliosis [1]). As with all medical diagnoses, CP is a construct aiming to describe, explain and capture reality in keeping with current knowledge and understanding, in a way that is thought to be useful to the person with the diagnosis [2]. On the other hand, there are limitations to “diagnosis”, and an account of the person with that diagnosis is a necessary complement to the label itself [3]. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91305 [article] The continuing evolution of “Cerebral Palsy” [texte imprimé] / Peter L. Rosenbaum ; Bernard Dan . - 2020 . - p. 387-388. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.09.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 387-388 Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP) is a relatively recent concept in the history of medicine. Famously, a few pre-scientific feature descriptions have been interpreted as possible references to congenital deformity; examples are Homer's characterization of Hephaistos as god of the “crook foot” (Iliad, XXI, 331) or the title character's self-description in William Shakespeare's King Richard III (I, 1) as “Cheated of feature by dissembling nature/Deformed, unfinish’d, sent before my time/Into this breathing world, scarce half made up,/And that so lamely and unfashionable/That dogs bark at me as I halt by them.” However, these descriptions primarily serve literary purposes and have limited diagnostic value. (Incidentally, analysis of the remains of the historic Richard III suggested no signs of cerebral palsy but slight adolescent-onset idiopathic scoliosis [1]). As with all medical diagnoses, CP is a construct aiming to describe, explain and capture reality in keeping with current knowledge and understanding, in a way that is thought to be useful to the person with the diagnosis [2]. On the other hand, there are limitations to “diagnosis”, and an account of the person with that diagnosis is a necessary complement to the label itself [3]. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91305

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Ethics of human enhancement in cerebral palsy / Bernard Dan in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 389-390 Titre : Ethics of human enhancement in cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bernard Dan ; Karine Pelc Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 389-390 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.03.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : In the past, attitudes to disabled persons often tended to be dehumanizing, despite good intentions. Current frameworks based on functioning and person-driven goal setting hopefully abate stereotypes and prejudice and allow persons with cerebral palsy to thrive in ways that centre on their aspirations rather than their disability. One of the challenges in rehabilitation medicine is to develop and integrate technologies to overcome individuals’ own limitations and improve their functioning capacities in a meaningful way. Examples of sophisticated technologies applied in cerebral palsy include robotic exoskeletons [1], neural-control interface devices [2] and brain stimulation techniques [3]. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91306 [article] Ethics of human enhancement in cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Bernard Dan ; Karine Pelc . - 2020 . - p. 389-390. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.03.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 389-390 Résumé : In the past, attitudes to disabled persons often tended to be dehumanizing, despite good intentions. Current frameworks based on functioning and person-driven goal setting hopefully abate stereotypes and prejudice and allow persons with cerebral palsy to thrive in ways that centre on their aspirations rather than their disability. One of the challenges in rehabilitation medicine is to develop and integrate technologies to overcome individuals’ own limitations and improve their functioning capacities in a meaningful way. Examples of sophisticated technologies applied in cerebral palsy include robotic exoskeletons [1], neural-control interface devices [2] and brain stimulation techniques [3]. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91306

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From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy / Carole Vuillerot in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Titre : From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Carole Vuillerot ; Mickael Dinomais ; Vincent Gautheron ; Sylvain Brochard Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 393-399 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.07.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : Pediatric physical rehabilitation medicine (PRM) is the medical (sub)specialty that, with an interdisciplinary approach, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of congenital and childhood-onset impairments, including related or secondary medical, physical, functional, psychosocial, cognitive, and vocational limitations or conditions. The entirety involves understanding the life course of disability. Within the specialty PRM, the main singular aspects of pediatric PRM are the developmental approach mandatory in child medicine and the strong integration of the partnership with the parents/family. The child is also approached specifically according to age class, including a “toward adulthood” vision. Interventions aim ultimately at the best autonomy throughout the life by first considering the child and family in their environment taking into account their personal factors. Recently, developed frameworks, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) child and youth version [1] and the F-words [2] as an implementation of the ICF in childhood, have progressively become the “DNA” of the pediatric PRM. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91307 [article] From singular to holistic : Approaches in pediatric rehabilitation medicine for children with cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Carole Vuillerot ; Mickael Dinomais ; Vincent Gautheron ; Sylvain Brochard . - 2020 . - p. 393-399. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.07.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Résumé : Pediatric physical rehabilitation medicine (PRM) is the medical (sub)specialty that, with an interdisciplinary approach, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of congenital and childhood-onset impairments, including related or secondary medical, physical, functional, psychosocial, cognitive, and vocational limitations or conditions. The entirety involves understanding the life course of disability. Within the specialty PRM, the main singular aspects of pediatric PRM are the developmental approach mandatory in child medicine and the strong integration of the partnership with the parents/family. The child is also approached specifically according to age class, including a “toward adulthood” vision. Interventions aim ultimately at the best autonomy throughout the life by first considering the child and family in their environment taking into account their personal factors. Recently, developed frameworks, such as the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) child and youth version [1] and the F-words [2] as an implementation of the ICF in childhood, have progressively become the “DNA” of the pediatric PRM. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91307

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Do clowns attenuate pain and anxiety undergoing botulinum toxin injections in children? / Laetitia Houx in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Titre : Do clowns attenuate pain and anxiety undergoing botulinum toxin injections in children? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laetitia Houx ; Amandine Dubois ; Sylvain Brochard ; Christelle Pons Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 393-399 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.12.004 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Clown  Pain  Anxiety  Botulinum toxin injections  Children  Motor disabilities Résumé : Objective Botulinum toxin injection (BTI) is the primary treatment for spasticity in children. Anxiety and pain are important concerns to address to attenuate the discomfort of BTI. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of medical clowns and usual distractions, both added to nitrous oxide (N2O) and analgesic cream, on pain and anxiety during BTI sessions in children. Methods The primary outcome was pain evaluated by the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale. Secondary criteria were pain rated on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) by the child and parent, anxiety rated on a VAS before and during BTIs by the child and parent(s), rating of the success of the sessions on a 4-point Likert scale by the physician and parent(s), and rating of the benefits of the distraction by the parent(s). Non-parametric tests were used for between-group comparisons. Results Baseline group characteristics of the clown and control groups did not differ. During 88 BTI sessions (40 with clown distraction and 48 with control distraction) in 59 children (35 boys; 52 with cerebral palsy, 12 with moderate to severe cognitive disorders), median maximal FLACC score was 2.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1–4) in the clown group and 3 (IQR: 1–4.3) in the control group. VAS self-reported pain score was 2.5 (IQR: 0–5) and 3 (IQR: 1–6.3) in the clown and control groups (P = 0.56), and VAS proxy-reported pain score was 2.5 (IQR: 0.3–3.4) and 3 (IQR: 1–4.5) (P = 0.25). After BTI sessions, the 2 groups did not differ in VAS self- and proxy-reported anxiety (P = 0.83 and P = 0.81). Physician and parent ratings of the success of sessions were similar between the groups (P = 0.89 and P = 0.11). Parent ratings of the perceived benefits of distraction were higher in the clown than control group (P = 0.004). Conclusions Although clown distraction was particularly appreciated by parents, it did not significantly reduce pain or anxiety in children as compared with usual distraction. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91308 [article] Do clowns attenuate pain and anxiety undergoing botulinum toxin injections in children? [texte imprimé] / Laetitia Houx ; Amandine Dubois ; Sylvain Brochard ; Christelle Pons . - 2020 . - p. 393-399. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2018.12.004 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 393-399 Mots-clés : Clown  Pain  Anxiety  Botulinum toxin injections  Children  Motor disabilities Résumé : Objective Botulinum toxin injection (BTI) is the primary treatment for spasticity in children. Anxiety and pain are important concerns to address to attenuate the discomfort of BTI. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of medical clowns and usual distractions, both added to nitrous oxide (N2O) and analgesic cream, on pain and anxiety during BTI sessions in children. Methods The primary outcome was pain evaluated by the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale. Secondary criteria were pain rated on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) by the child and parent, anxiety rated on a VAS before and during BTIs by the child and parent(s), rating of the success of the sessions on a 4-point Likert scale by the physician and parent(s), and rating of the benefits of the distraction by the parent(s). Non-parametric tests were used for between-group comparisons. Results Baseline group characteristics of the clown and control groups did not differ. During 88 BTI sessions (40 with clown distraction and 48 with control distraction) in 59 children (35 boys; 52 with cerebral palsy, 12 with moderate to severe cognitive disorders), median maximal FLACC score was 2.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1–4) in the clown group and 3 (IQR: 1–4.3) in the control group. VAS self-reported pain score was 2.5 (IQR: 0–5) and 3 (IQR: 1–6.3) in the clown and control groups (P = 0.56), and VAS proxy-reported pain score was 2.5 (IQR: 0.3–3.4) and 3 (IQR: 1–4.5) (P = 0.25). After BTI sessions, the 2 groups did not differ in VAS self- and proxy-reported anxiety (P = 0.83 and P = 0.81). Physician and parent ratings of the success of sessions were similar between the groups (P = 0.89 and P = 0.11). Parent ratings of the perceived benefits of distraction were higher in the clown than control group (P = 0.004). Conclusions Although clown distraction was particularly appreciated by parents, it did not significantly reduce pain or anxiety in children as compared with usual distraction. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91308

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Patterns of hip migration in non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy : A prospective cohort study / Isabelle Poirot in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 400-407 Titre : Patterns of hip migration in non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy : A prospective cohort study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Isabelle Poirot ; Valérie Laudy ; Muriel Rabilloud ; Sylvain Roche ; Jean Iwaz ; Behrouz Kassai ; Carole Vuillerot Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 400-407 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.04.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Children  Hip migration  Trajectory modeling  Surgery Résumé : Background In children with cerebral palsy (CP), we have little information on when hip migration (HM) starts, what causes hip displacement, how HM changes over time, and how to halt this migration to avoid surgery. Objectives We aimed to estimate the prevalence of HM percentage (HMP) >4 0% in a homogeneous population of non-ambulant children with CP and model the changes in HMP over a 2.6-year mean follow-up. Methods From September 2009 to September 2015, this observational, prospective, multicenter cohort study recruited 235 children from 51 centers who were 3 to 10 years old and had levels IV and V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System for CP. The outcomes were yearly HMP measurements by the Reimers index. Only children with at least one hip with HMP ≤ 40% at baseline were included in trajectory modeling. Comparisons of chidren's characteristics between trajectory groups were adjusted by the false discovery rate method. Results The prevalence of children with at least one hip with HMP > 40% was estimated at 24.3% (95% confidence interval 18.6–30.0). Pelvic obliquity was observed in 51.4% and 24.4% of children with asymmetric and symmetric HMP (P = 0.002). The trajectory modelling identified 3 types of MP changes over time. Many children (67.4% and 79.3% for the right and left hip) could be assigned to the “stable” trajectory group. Conclusions In non-ambulant children with CP, the prevalence of HM requiring surgery is low and most hips remain practically stable over time. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91309 [article] Patterns of hip migration in non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy : A prospective cohort study [texte imprimé] / Isabelle Poirot ; Valérie Laudy ; Muriel Rabilloud ; Sylvain Roche ; Jean Iwaz ; Behrouz Kassai ; Carole Vuillerot . - 2020 . - p. 400-407. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.04.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 400-407 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Children  Hip migration  Trajectory modeling  Surgery Résumé : Background In children with cerebral palsy (CP), we have little information on when hip migration (HM) starts, what causes hip displacement, how HM changes over time, and how to halt this migration to avoid surgery. Objectives We aimed to estimate the prevalence of HM percentage (HMP) >4 0% in a homogeneous population of non-ambulant children with CP and model the changes in HMP over a 2.6-year mean follow-up. Methods From September 2009 to September 2015, this observational, prospective, multicenter cohort study recruited 235 children from 51 centers who were 3 to 10 years old and had levels IV and V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System for CP. The outcomes were yearly HMP measurements by the Reimers index. Only children with at least one hip with HMP ≤ 40% at baseline were included in trajectory modeling. Comparisons of chidren's characteristics between trajectory groups were adjusted by the false discovery rate method. Results The prevalence of children with at least one hip with HMP > 40% was estimated at 24.3% (95% confidence interval 18.6–30.0). Pelvic obliquity was observed in 51.4% and 24.4% of children with asymmetric and symmetric HMP (P = 0.002). The trajectory modelling identified 3 types of MP changes over time. Many children (67.4% and 79.3% for the right and left hip) could be assigned to the “stable” trajectory group. Conclusions In non-ambulant children with CP, the prevalence of HM requiring surgery is low and most hips remain practically stable over time. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91309

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Assessment of bimanual performance in 3-D movement analysis : Validation of a new clinical protocol in children with unilateral cerebral palsy / Florence Gaillard in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 408-415 Titre : Assessment of bimanual performance in 3-D movement analysis : Validation of a new clinical protocol in children with unilateral cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Florence Gaillard ; Marine Cacioppo ; Brice Bouvier ; Guillaume Bouzille ; Christopher J. Newman ; Thibault Pasquet ; Armel Crétual (1972-....) ; Hélène Rauscent ; Isabelle V. Bonan Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 408-415 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Unilateral cerebral palsy  3-D movement analysis  Upper limb  Bimanual task  Bimanual performance Résumé : Background The “Be an Airplane Pilot” (BE-API) protocol is a novel 3-D movement analysis (3DMA) protocol assessing the bimanual performance of children during a game. Objective This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of this protocol in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP). Methods Angular waveforms (WAVE), maximum angles (MAX) and range of motion (ROM) of the trunk, shoulder, elbow and wrist joints were collected in children with uCP and in typically developing children (TDC) during 4 tasks of the BE-API protocol designed to explore specific degrees of freedom (DoF). The inter-trial reliability for children with uCP was assessed with the coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) for WAVE and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM) for MAX and ROM. Clinical performance-based measures, including the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and ABILHAND-Kids scores, were used to explore correlations between clinical measures and kinematic parameters in children with uCP. Results 20 children with uCP (13 boys; mean age 12.0 [SD 3.2] years) and 20 TDC (11 boys; mean age 11.9 [SD 3.4] years) were included. In children with uCP, most kinematic parameters showed high reliability (WAVE: CMC ≥ 0.82; MAX and ROM: ICC ≥ 0.85, SEM ≤ 4.7°). Elbow extension, forearm supination, and wrist adduction were reduced and wrist flexion was increased for children with uCP versus TDC (P < 0.01). In children with uCP, MAX and ROM values were moderately correlated with clinical assessments (AHA score: r = 0.48–0.65; ABILHAND-Kids score: r = 0.48–0.49). Conclusions The BE-API protocol is a 3DMA-bimanual performance-based assessment that is highly reliable in children with uCP. Children with uCP and TDC significantly differed in some clinically relevant kinematic parameters. The BE-API is a promising playful tool, helpful for better understanding upper-limb motor movement abnormalities in bimanual conditions and for tailoring treatments to individual deficits. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91310 [article] Assessment of bimanual performance in 3-D movement analysis : Validation of a new clinical protocol in children with unilateral cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Florence Gaillard ; Marine Cacioppo ; Brice Bouvier ; Guillaume Bouzille ; Christopher J. Newman ; Thibault Pasquet ; Armel Crétual (1972-....) ; Hélène Rauscent ; Isabelle V. Bonan . - 2020 . - p. 408-415. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.008 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 408-415 Mots-clés : Unilateral cerebral palsy  3-D movement analysis  Upper limb  Bimanual task  Bimanual performance Résumé : Background The “Be an Airplane Pilot” (BE-API) protocol is a novel 3-D movement analysis (3DMA) protocol assessing the bimanual performance of children during a game. Objective This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of this protocol in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP). Methods Angular waveforms (WAVE), maximum angles (MAX) and range of motion (ROM) of the trunk, shoulder, elbow and wrist joints were collected in children with uCP and in typically developing children (TDC) during 4 tasks of the BE-API protocol designed to explore specific degrees of freedom (DoF). The inter-trial reliability for children with uCP was assessed with the coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) for WAVE and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM) for MAX and ROM. Clinical performance-based measures, including the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and ABILHAND-Kids scores, were used to explore correlations between clinical measures and kinematic parameters in children with uCP. Results 20 children with uCP (13 boys; mean age 12.0 [SD 3.2] years) and 20 TDC (11 boys; mean age 11.9 [SD 3.4] years) were included. In children with uCP, most kinematic parameters showed high reliability (WAVE: CMC ≥ 0.82; MAX and ROM: ICC ≥ 0.85, SEM ≤ 4.7°). Elbow extension, forearm supination, and wrist adduction were reduced and wrist flexion was increased for children with uCP versus TDC (P < 0.01). In children with uCP, MAX and ROM values were moderately correlated with clinical assessments (AHA score: r = 0.48–0.65; ABILHAND-Kids score: r = 0.48–0.49). Conclusions The BE-API protocol is a 3DMA-bimanual performance-based assessment that is highly reliable in children with uCP. Children with uCP and TDC significantly differed in some clinically relevant kinematic parameters. The BE-API is a promising playful tool, helpful for better understanding upper-limb motor movement abnormalities in bimanual conditions and for tailoring treatments to individual deficits. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91310

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(Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study / Jean-Michel Lemée in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 416-421 Titre : (Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jean-Michel Lemée ; Eva Chinier ; Pauline Ali ; Matthieu Labriffe ; Aram Ter Minassian ; Mickael Dinomais Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 416-421 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.02.001 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Sensory function  Plasticity  Functional MRI  Lateralization index  Brain lesion Résumé : Objective To evaluate the relationship between neural (re)organization of the somatosensory cortex and impairment of sensory function (2-point discrimination [2PD]) in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods We included 21 individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. 2PD thresholds were evaluated on thumb pads, and activation of the somatosensory cortex was recorded by functional MRI (fMRI) during passive movements of the affected hand. A lateralization index (LI) was calculated for the primary sensory (S1) and secondary sensory (S2) cortices and the correlation between the LI and 2PD thresholds was analysed. Results We found a significant negative correlation between the 2PD thresholds and the S2 LI (r = −0.5, one-tailed P-value = 0.01) and a trend towards a negative correlation with the S1 LI (r = −0.4, one-tailed P-value = 0.05). Conclusion High levels of activation in the contralesional hemisphere were associated with high levels of sensory impairment in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. The interhemispheric (re)organization of the somatosensory system may not effectively compensate for somatosensory impairment. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91312 [article] (Re)organisation of the somatosensory system after early brain lesion : A lateralization index fMRI study [texte imprimé] / Jean-Michel Lemée ; Eva Chinier ; Pauline Ali ; Matthieu Labriffe ; Aram Ter Minassian ; Mickael Dinomais . - 2020 . - p. 416-421. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.02.001 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 416-421 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Sensory function  Plasticity  Functional MRI  Lateralization index  Brain lesion Résumé : Objective To evaluate the relationship between neural (re)organization of the somatosensory cortex and impairment of sensory function (2-point discrimination [2PD]) in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods We included 21 individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. 2PD thresholds were evaluated on thumb pads, and activation of the somatosensory cortex was recorded by functional MRI (fMRI) during passive movements of the affected hand. A lateralization index (LI) was calculated for the primary sensory (S1) and secondary sensory (S2) cortices and the correlation between the LI and 2PD thresholds was analysed. Results We found a significant negative correlation between the 2PD thresholds and the S2 LI (r = −0.5, one-tailed P-value = 0.01) and a trend towards a negative correlation with the S1 LI (r = −0.4, one-tailed P-value = 0.05). Conclusion High levels of activation in the contralesional hemisphere were associated with high levels of sensory impairment in individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy. The interhemispheric (re)organization of the somatosensory system may not effectively compensate for somatosensory impairment. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91312

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From cerebral palsy to developmental coordination disorder : Development of preclinical rat models corresponding to recent epidemiological changes / Jacques-Olivier Coq in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 422-430 Titre : From cerebral palsy to developmental coordination disorder : Development of preclinical rat models corresponding to recent epidemiological changes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jacques-Olivier Coq ; Marine Kochmann ; Diego C. Lacerda ; Hanane Khalki ; Maxime Delcour ; Ana E. Toscano ; Florence Cayetanot ; Marie-Hélène Canu ; Mary F. Barbe ; Masahiro Tsuji Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 422-430 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.10.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Prematurity  Developmental Coordination Disorder  Intrauterine growth retardation  Hypoperfusion  Sensorimotor restriction  White matter injury Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP) is a complex syndrome of various sensory, motor and cognitive deficits. Its prevalence has recently decreased in some developed countries and its symptoms have also shifted since the 1960s. From the 1990s, CP has been associated with prematurity, but recent epidemiologic studies show reduced or absent brain damage, which recapitulates developmental coordination disorder (DCD). In previous studies, we developed a rat model based on mild intrauterine hypoperfusion (MIUH) that recapitulated the diversity of symptoms observed in preterm survivors. Briefly, MIUH led to early inflammatory processes, diffuse brain damage, minor locomotor deficits, musculoskeletal pathologies, neuroanatomical and functional disorganization of the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex but not in the motor cortex (M1), delayed sensorimotor reflexes, spontaneous hyperactivity, deficits in sensory information processing, and memory and learning impairments in adult rats. Adult MIUH rats also exhibited changes in muscle contractile properties and phenotype, enduring hyperreflexia and spasticity, as well as hyperexcitability in the sensorimotor cortex. We recently developed a rat model of DCD based on postnatal sensorimotor restriction (SMR) without brain damage. Briefly, SMR led to digitigrade locomotion (i.e., “toe walking”) related to ankle-knee overextension, degraded musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., gastrocnemius atrophy), and lumbar hyperreflexia. The postnatal SMR then led to secondary degradation of the hind-limb maps in S1 and M1 cortices, altered cortical response properties and cortical hyperexcitability, but no brain damage. Thus, our 2 rat models appear to recapitulate the diversity of symptoms ranging from CP to DCD and contribute to understanding the emergence and mechanisms underlying the corresponding neurodevelopmental disorders. These preclinical models seem promising for testing strategies of rehabilitation based on both physical and cognitive training to promote adaptive brain plasticity and to improve physical body conditions. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91316 [article] From cerebral palsy to developmental coordination disorder : Development of preclinical rat models corresponding to recent epidemiological changes [texte imprimé] / Jacques-Olivier Coq ; Marine Kochmann ; Diego C. Lacerda ; Hanane Khalki ; Maxime Delcour ; Ana E. Toscano ; Florence Cayetanot ; Marie-Hélène Canu ; Mary F. Barbe ; Masahiro Tsuji . - 2020 . - p. 422-430. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.10.002 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 422-430 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Prematurity  Developmental Coordination Disorder  Intrauterine growth retardation  Hypoperfusion  Sensorimotor restriction  White matter injury Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP) is a complex syndrome of various sensory, motor and cognitive deficits. Its prevalence has recently decreased in some developed countries and its symptoms have also shifted since the 1960s. From the 1990s, CP has been associated with prematurity, but recent epidemiologic studies show reduced or absent brain damage, which recapitulates developmental coordination disorder (DCD). In previous studies, we developed a rat model based on mild intrauterine hypoperfusion (MIUH) that recapitulated the diversity of symptoms observed in preterm survivors. Briefly, MIUH led to early inflammatory processes, diffuse brain damage, minor locomotor deficits, musculoskeletal pathologies, neuroanatomical and functional disorganization of the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex but not in the motor cortex (M1), delayed sensorimotor reflexes, spontaneous hyperactivity, deficits in sensory information processing, and memory and learning impairments in adult rats. Adult MIUH rats also exhibited changes in muscle contractile properties and phenotype, enduring hyperreflexia and spasticity, as well as hyperexcitability in the sensorimotor cortex. We recently developed a rat model of DCD based on postnatal sensorimotor restriction (SMR) without brain damage. Briefly, SMR led to digitigrade locomotion (i.e., “toe walking”) related to ankle-knee overextension, degraded musculoskeletal tissues (e.g., gastrocnemius atrophy), and lumbar hyperreflexia. The postnatal SMR then led to secondary degradation of the hind-limb maps in S1 and M1 cortices, altered cortical response properties and cortical hyperexcitability, but no brain damage. Thus, our 2 rat models appear to recapitulate the diversity of symptoms ranging from CP to DCD and contribute to understanding the emergence and mechanisms underlying the corresponding neurodevelopmental disorders. These preclinical models seem promising for testing strategies of rehabilitation based on both physical and cognitive training to promote adaptive brain plasticity and to improve physical body conditions. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91316

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From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? / Stéphane Chabrier in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 431-438 Titre : From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stéphane Chabrier ; Margaux Pouyfaucon ; Alain Chatelin ; Joel Fluss ; Vincent Gautheron ; Christopher J. Newman ; Guillaume Sébire ; Patrick Van Bogaert ; Carole Vuillerot ; Sylvain Brochard ; Mickael Dinomais Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 431-438 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.07.003 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Narrative medicine  Early brain injury  International Classification of Functioning,  Disability and Health (ICF)  Human development Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP), an umbrella term for a developmental motor disorder caused by early brain injury (EBI)/interference, remains debated. In this essay, we present a narrative, beginning with the original anatomical-clinical description of the so-called paralysie congéniale (congenial paralysis) by the French psychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh. We then discuss how the concept has evolved over the last 2 centuries. We aim to illustrate these ideas with the biopsychosocial model of health, especially in light of the current neuroscientific and sociological knowledge of human development. We endeavour to integrate 3 connected but distinct entities: (1) the EBI as a seminal turning point of the individual's story; (2) the clinical findings we call CP, when motor impairment and activity limitation related to post-EBI (or other early non-progressive brain interference) appears, and; (3) a post-EBI developmental condition that encompasses the overall consequences of an EBI. This framework should guide individual, familial and collective care discussions and research strategies beyond the scope of CP. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91317 [article] From congenial paralysis to post-early brain injury developmental condition : Where does cerebral palsy actually stand? [texte imprimé] / Stéphane Chabrier ; Margaux Pouyfaucon ; Alain Chatelin ; Joel Fluss ; Vincent Gautheron ; Christopher J. Newman ; Guillaume Sébire ; Patrick Van Bogaert ; Carole Vuillerot ; Sylvain Brochard ; Mickael Dinomais . - 2020 . - p. 431-438. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.07.003 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 431-438 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Narrative medicine  Early brain injury  International Classification of Functioning,  Disability and Health (ICF)  Human development Résumé : Cerebral palsy (CP), an umbrella term for a developmental motor disorder caused by early brain injury (EBI)/interference, remains debated. In this essay, we present a narrative, beginning with the original anatomical-clinical description of the so-called paralysie congéniale (congenial paralysis) by the French psychiatrist Jean-Baptiste Cazauvieilh. We then discuss how the concept has evolved over the last 2 centuries. We aim to illustrate these ideas with the biopsychosocial model of health, especially in light of the current neuroscientific and sociological knowledge of human development. We endeavour to integrate 3 connected but distinct entities: (1) the EBI as a seminal turning point of the individual's story; (2) the clinical findings we call CP, when motor impairment and activity limitation related to post-EBI (or other early non-progressive brain interference) appears, and; (3) a post-EBI developmental condition that encompasses the overall consequences of an EBI. This framework should guide individual, familial and collective care discussions and research strategies beyond the scope of CP. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91317

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Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy / Josselin Démas in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 439-446 Titre : Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Josselin Démas ; Mathieu Bourguignon ; Maximilien Périvier ; Xavier De Tiège ; Mickael Dinomais ; Patrick Van Bogaert Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 439-446 Note générale : doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.007 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Magnetoencephalography  Electroencephalography  Mu rhythm  Rehabilitation  Plasticity Résumé : Various specific early rehabilitation strategies are proposed to decrease functional disabilities in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). These strategies are thought to favour the mechanisms of brain plasticity that take place after brain injury. However, the level of evidence is low. Markers of brain plasticity would favour validation of these rehabilitation programs. In this paper, we consider the study of mu rhythm for this goal by describing the characteristics of mu rhythm in adults and children with typical development, then review the current literature on mu rhythm in CP. Mu rhythm is composed of brain oscillations recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) over the sensorimotor areas. The oscillations are characterized by their frequency, topography and modulation. Frequency ranges within the alpha band (∼10 Hz, mu alpha) or beta band (∼20 Hz, mu beta). Source location analyses suggest that mu alpha reflects somatosensory functions, whereas mu beta reflects motor functions. Event-related desynchronisation (ERD) followed by event-related (re-)synchronisation (ERS) of mu rhythm occur in association with a movement or somatosensory input. Even if the functional role of the different mu rhythm components remains incompletely understood, their maturational trajectory is well described. Increasing age from infancy to adolescence is associated with increasing ERD as well as increasing ERS. A few studies characterised mu rhythm in adolescents with spastic CP and showed atypical patterns of modulation in most of them. The most frequent findings in patients with unilateral CP are decreased ERD and decreased ERS over the central electrodes, but atypical topography may also be found. The patterns of modulations are more variable in bilateral CP. Data in infants and young children with CP are lacking and studies did not address the questions of intra-individual reliability of mu rhythm modulations in patients with CP nor their modification after motor learning. Better characterization of mu rhythm in CP, especially in infants and young children, is warranted before considering this rhythm as a potential neurophysiological marker of brain plasticity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91318 [article] Mu rhythm : State of the art with special focus on cerebral palsy [texte imprimé] / Josselin Démas ; Mathieu Bourguignon ; Maximilien Périvier ; Xavier De Tiège ; Mickael Dinomais ; Patrick Van Bogaert . - 2020 . - p. 439-446. doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.06.007 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 439-446 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Magnetoencephalography  Electroencephalography  Mu rhythm  Rehabilitation  Plasticity Résumé : Various specific early rehabilitation strategies are proposed to decrease functional disabilities in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). These strategies are thought to favour the mechanisms of brain plasticity that take place after brain injury. However, the level of evidence is low. Markers of brain plasticity would favour validation of these rehabilitation programs. In this paper, we consider the study of mu rhythm for this goal by describing the characteristics of mu rhythm in adults and children with typical development, then review the current literature on mu rhythm in CP. Mu rhythm is composed of brain oscillations recorded by electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) over the sensorimotor areas. The oscillations are characterized by their frequency, topography and modulation. Frequency ranges within the alpha band (∼10 Hz, mu alpha) or beta band (∼20 Hz, mu beta). Source location analyses suggest that mu alpha reflects somatosensory functions, whereas mu beta reflects motor functions. Event-related desynchronisation (ERD) followed by event-related (re-)synchronisation (ERS) of mu rhythm occur in association with a movement or somatosensory input. Even if the functional role of the different mu rhythm components remains incompletely understood, their maturational trajectory is well described. Increasing age from infancy to adolescence is associated with increasing ERD as well as increasing ERS. A few studies characterised mu rhythm in adolescents with spastic CP and showed atypical patterns of modulation in most of them. The most frequent findings in patients with unilateral CP are decreased ERD and decreased ERS over the central electrodes, but atypical topography may also be found. The patterns of modulations are more variable in bilateral CP. Data in infants and young children with CP are lacking and studies did not address the questions of intra-individual reliability of mu rhythm modulations in patients with CP nor their modification after motor learning. Better characterization of mu rhythm in CP, especially in infants and young children, is warranted before considering this rhythm as a potential neurophysiological marker of brain plasticity. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91318

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Cognitive and academic profiles in children with cerebral palsy : A narrative review / Joel Fluss in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020)

Public ISBD [article]  inAnnals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 447-456 Titre : Cognitive and academic profiles in children with cerebral palsy : A narrative review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joel Fluss ; Karen Lidzba Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : p. 447-456 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Cognition  Neuropsychology  Learning disabilities  Intelligence Résumé : Background Considerable effort has recently been made to improve the accurate diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) in childhood and to establish early intervention aiming to improve functional outcome. Besides the visible motor impairments, cognitive abilities are frequently affected but might remain unrecognised in children with mild forms. On the other hand, some severely disabled children with presumed intellectual disabilities might demonstrate normal-range reasoning capacities. Most studies on this topic have emphasized a variety of cognitive profiles (cognitive level) related to the type of cerebral palsy and the underlying brain lesions (biological level). However, little is known at the behavioural level, namely learning skills and educational achievement. Objective This narrative review aimed to discuss cognitive and scholastic skills typically affected in children with CP. Methods Online literature research for studies of cerebral palsy, cognition and academic achievement, extracting all relevant articles regardless of article type. Results In children with CP, intellectual disability is frequent and correlated with the degree of motor impairment and early epilepsy. Speech and language problems are prevalent in all forms of CP and might hamper everyday participation on varying levels depending on the degree of motor disability. Most children with CP have neuropsychological deficits affecting predominantly visuospatial functions, attention, and/or executive functions. These problems relate to academic performance and social participation. Discussion An adequate interdisciplinary follow-up of children with CP requires a sensitization of clinicians to the complex topic of cognitive and academic problems in this population and a better synergy between the medical and educational worlds. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91319 [article] Cognitive and academic profiles in children with cerebral palsy : A narrative review [texte imprimé] / Joel Fluss ; Karen Lidzba . - 2020 . - p. 447-456. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine > Vol. 63, n°5 (Octobre 2020) . - p. 447-456 Mots-clés : Cerebral palsy  Cognition  Neuropsychology  Learning disabilities  Intelligence Résumé : Background Considerable effort has recently been made to improve the accurate diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) in childhood and to establish early intervention aiming to improve functional outcome. Besides the visible motor impairments, cognitive abilities are frequently affected but might remain unrecognised in children with mild forms. On the other hand, some severely disabled children with presumed intellectual disabilities might demonstrate normal-range reasoning capacities. Most studies on this topic have emphasized a variety of cognitive profiles (cognitive level) related to the type of cerebral palsy and the underlying brain lesions (biological level). However, little is known at the behavioural level, namely learning skills and educational achievement. Objective This narrative review aimed to discuss cognitive and scholastic skills typically affected in children with CP. Methods Online literature research for studies of cerebral palsy, cognition and academic achievement, extracting all relevant articles regardless of article type. Results In children with CP, intellectual disability is frequent and correlated with the degree of motor impairment and early epilepsy. Speech and language problems are prevalent in all forms of CP and might hamper everyday participation on varying levels depending on the degree of motor disability. Most children with CP have neuropsychological deficits affecting predominantly visuospatial functions, attention, and/or executive functions. These problems relate to academic performance and social participation. Discussion An adequate interdisciplinary follow-up of children with CP requires a sensitization of clinicians to the complex topic of cognitive and academic problems in this population and a better synergy between the medical and educational worlds. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91319

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