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Historical milestones of occupational therapy research in Brazil / Marinho Cezar da Cruz in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 529-531 Titre : Historical milestones of occupational therapy research in Brazil Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marinho Cezar da Cruz (Daniel) Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 529-531 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022618820270 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : The education of occupational therapy students in Brazil began with courses in mental health run by the psychiatrist Nise da Silveira in 1948; vocational courses in physical rehabilitation began in Rio de Janeiro in 1956. Higher Education in occupational therapy began in 1961, and the profession was regulated in 1969 (Soares, 2007). Today, 43 undergraduate courses in occupational therapy are offered in Brazil, 14 of them certified by the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT, 2018). Twenty of the courses are public, offered by the Federation or individual states (Drummond and Cruz, 2018). These courses are distributed across 11 of the 26 Brazilian states, one of them being offered in Distrito Federal, in Brasília, the country’s capital city. En ligne : https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/0308022618820270 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85483 [article] Historical milestones of occupational therapy research in Brazil [texte imprimé] / Marinho Cezar da Cruz (Daniel) . - 2019 . - p. 529-531. doi.org/10.1177/0308022618820270 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 529-531 Résumé : The education of occupational therapy students in Brazil began with courses in mental health run by the psychiatrist Nise da Silveira in 1948; vocational courses in physical rehabilitation began in Rio de Janeiro in 1956. Higher Education in occupational therapy began in 1961, and the profession was regulated in 1969 (Soares, 2007). Today, 43 undergraduate courses in occupational therapy are offered in Brazil, 14 of them certified by the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT, 2018). Twenty of the courses are public, offered by the Federation or individual states (Drummond and Cruz, 2018). These courses are distributed across 11 of the 26 Brazilian states, one of them being offered in Distrito Federal, in Brasília, the country’s capital city. En ligne : https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/0308022618820270 Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85483

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A Photovoice study of user experiences of an occupational therapy department within an acute inpatient mental health setting / Mary Birken in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 532-543 Titre : A Photovoice study of user experiences of an occupational therapy department within an acute inpatient mental health setting Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mary Birken ; Wendy Bryant Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 532-543 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836954 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Service user involvement  therapeutic landscape  recovery  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction People admitted to acute mental health wards benefit from access to activities, but occupational therapy departments that are separate to wards have not been investigated from the user perspective. This research aimed to investigate how an occupational therapy department with specific facilities is experienced by service users in an outer London Borough acute mental health unit. Method Photovoice, a participatory visual method, was used. Over 10 weekly sessions, five service user participants used photography to answer the research question. A final set of images with corresponding statements outlining research themes was agreed. Findings: The participants experienced the occupational therapy department as a distinct therapeutic place where they could practise skills, try out choices and manage themselves, while engaged in relevant activities for their personal recovery. The most important aspect was the staff approach to enabling the service users to engage with the department resources. Conclusion Multiple reasons for users to engage with opportunities within the occupational therapy department were identified, revealing unique insights into the experiences of service users, facilitated by the participatory approach and visual method. Further research could develop ways of maximising occupationally and environmentally focused strategies used by staff to enhance services. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85484 [article] A Photovoice study of user experiences of an occupational therapy department within an acute inpatient mental health setting [texte imprimé] / Mary Birken ; Wendy Bryant . - 2019 . - p. 532-543. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836954 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 532-543 Mots-clés : Service user involvement  therapeutic landscape  recovery  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction People admitted to acute mental health wards benefit from access to activities, but occupational therapy departments that are separate to wards have not been investigated from the user perspective. This research aimed to investigate how an occupational therapy department with specific facilities is experienced by service users in an outer London Borough acute mental health unit. Method Photovoice, a participatory visual method, was used. Over 10 weekly sessions, five service user participants used photography to answer the research question. A final set of images with corresponding statements outlining research themes was agreed. Findings: The participants experienced the occupational therapy department as a distinct therapeutic place where they could practise skills, try out choices and manage themselves, while engaged in relevant activities for their personal recovery. The most important aspect was the staff approach to enabling the service users to engage with the department resources. Conclusion Multiple reasons for users to engage with opportunities within the occupational therapy department were identified, revealing unique insights into the experiences of service users, facilitated by the participatory approach and visual method. Further research could develop ways of maximising occupationally and environmentally focused strategies used by staff to enhance services. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85484

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Development, concurrent validity and internal consistency of a simulator tool for assessing continued car driving after a brain injury/disease / Kersti Samuelsson in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 544-552 Titre : Development, concurrent validity and internal consistency of a simulator tool for assessing continued car driving after a brain injury/disease Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kersti Samuelsson ; Maria Tropp ; Anna Lundqvist ; Ewa Wressle Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 544-552 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836935 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Age  attention  cognition  evaluation  traffic safety  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Beyond relevant cognitive tests, a simulated driving activity could be useful to observe performance and behaviour in a standardized ‘driving-like’ situation and provide information on attention, reaction time and information processing speed when evaluating the ability to continue driving after a brain injury or disease. The aim was to develop and evaluate concurrent validity and internal consistency of a computerized simulated driving task tool. Methods Results from a new tool (CyberSiM, including three subtests and four result variables) were compared with results from the Trail Making Test, Useful Field of View test and Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment. There were 126 healthy adults included in the study. Results The correlation analysis showed significant correlations (p<0.001) for CyberSiM reaction time and all cognitive tests except for Useful Field of View 1. The CyberSiM showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha=0.85. Conclusion The analysis of concurrent validity showed conformity to most cognitive tests. CyberSiM might be a useful complement to cognitive testing with the opportunity to observe some behaviours ‘in a driving-like activity’. Further studies on clinical groups are needed to confirm its usefulness. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85506 [article] Development, concurrent validity and internal consistency of a simulator tool for assessing continued car driving after a brain injury/disease [texte imprimé] / Kersti Samuelsson ; Maria Tropp ; Anna Lundqvist ; Ewa Wressle . - 2019 . - p. 544-552. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836935 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 544-552 Mots-clés : Age  attention  cognition  evaluation  traffic safety  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction Beyond relevant cognitive tests, a simulated driving activity could be useful to observe performance and behaviour in a standardized ‘driving-like’ situation and provide information on attention, reaction time and information processing speed when evaluating the ability to continue driving after a brain injury or disease. The aim was to develop and evaluate concurrent validity and internal consistency of a computerized simulated driving task tool. Methods Results from a new tool (CyberSiM, including three subtests and four result variables) were compared with results from the Trail Making Test, Useful Field of View test and Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment. There were 126 healthy adults included in the study. Results The correlation analysis showed significant correlations (p<0.001) for CyberSiM reaction time and all cognitive tests except for Useful Field of View 1. The CyberSiM showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha=0.85. Conclusion The analysis of concurrent validity showed conformity to most cognitive tests. CyberSiM might be a useful complement to cognitive testing with the opportunity to observe some behaviours ‘in a driving-like activity’. Further studies on clinical groups are needed to confirm its usefulness. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85506

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The Dr Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2019: Shifting our focus. Fostering the potential of occupation and occupational therapy in a complex world / Sarah Kantartzis in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 553-566 Titre : The Dr Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2019: Shifting our focus. Fostering the potential of occupation and occupational therapy in a complex world Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah Kantartzis Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 553-566 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619864893 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Casson lecture  systems thinking  social transformation  occupational needs, P. Cilliers  occupational therapy Résumé : The Dr Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2019, given on 18 June 2019 at the 43rd Annual Conference and Exhibition of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists, held at the International Conference Centre, Birmingham. Challenges to health-promoting occupation are experienced by many people in the United Kingdom today. It is suggested that the way we currently think about and so organise our practice may make it difficult to address some of these occupational needs. An alternative lens is proposed, drawing on the work of P. Cilliers and his discussions of the implications of thinking in terms of complex systems. Taking on an ‘attitude of complexity’ allows us to reconsider our work within the systems we are part of and encourages us not only to acknowledge but also to embrace the richness and diversity of our complex world. The discussion will focus on how occupational therapists can become part of, or strengthen their existing part in, change within these systems, developing their contribution as experts in occupation. This lecture is about ‘shifting our focus’, about fostering the potential of occupational therapy and contributing to individual and social transformation through occupation that will support the health of the population. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85507 [article] The Dr Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2019: Shifting our focus. Fostering the potential of occupation and occupational therapy in a complex world [texte imprimé] / Sarah Kantartzis . - 2019 . - p. 553-566. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619864893 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 553-566 Mots-clés : Casson lecture  systems thinking  social transformation  occupational needs, P. Cilliers  occupational therapy Résumé : The Dr Elizabeth Casson Memorial Lecture 2019, given on 18 June 2019 at the 43rd Annual Conference and Exhibition of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists, held at the International Conference Centre, Birmingham. Challenges to health-promoting occupation are experienced by many people in the United Kingdom today. It is suggested that the way we currently think about and so organise our practice may make it difficult to address some of these occupational needs. An alternative lens is proposed, drawing on the work of P. Cilliers and his discussions of the implications of thinking in terms of complex systems. Taking on an ‘attitude of complexity’ allows us to reconsider our work within the systems we are part of and encourages us not only to acknowledge but also to embrace the richness and diversity of our complex world. The discussion will focus on how occupational therapists can become part of, or strengthen their existing part in, change within these systems, developing their contribution as experts in occupation. This lecture is about ‘shifting our focus’, about fostering the potential of occupational therapy and contributing to individual and social transformation through occupation that will support the health of the population. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85507

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Occupational therapy student learning on role-emerging placements in schools / Karina Dancza in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 567-577 Titre : Occupational therapy student learning on role-emerging placements in schools Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karina Dancza ; Jodie Copley ; Monica Moran Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 567-577 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619840167 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  role-emerging placement  transformationa  learning  supervision  theory  student learning Résumé : Introduction Placements are considered vital in promoting theory-to-practice learning. With role-emerging placements increasingly being offered, the learning processes experienced by students warrants further investigation. This research explored the learning experiences of students, from both supervisor and student perspectives, over the duration of a role-emerging placement in schools, to contribute to our understanding of this important student learning process. Method Action research was used across four cycles with 14 students and 11 supervisors. Data were collected through reflective field notes, placement documentation and semi-structured interviews. Findings were analysed using template analysis. Findings: Limited established occupational therapy procedures and role models meant that the students created and used knowledge differently from role-established placements. The procedural knowledge upon which students most heavily relied in previous placements was largely inaccessible to students. Students relied on occupational therapy conceptual and dispositional knowledge, with the support of their peer and supervisor to guide practice. Tensions were seen between providing a service for the school and taking the necessary time to understand and implement the occupational therapy process systematically. Conclusion Role-emerging placements are valuable for transformational student learning. These placements do, however, present challenges that require careful negotiation and structured guidance. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85508 [article] Occupational therapy student learning on role-emerging placements in schools [texte imprimé] / Karina Dancza ; Jodie Copley ; Monica Moran . - 2019 . - p. 567-577. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619840167 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 567-577 Mots-clés : Occupational therapy  role-emerging placement  transformationa  learning  supervision  theory  student learning Résumé : Introduction Placements are considered vital in promoting theory-to-practice learning. With role-emerging placements increasingly being offered, the learning processes experienced by students warrants further investigation. This research explored the learning experiences of students, from both supervisor and student perspectives, over the duration of a role-emerging placement in schools, to contribute to our understanding of this important student learning process. Method Action research was used across four cycles with 14 students and 11 supervisors. Data were collected through reflective field notes, placement documentation and semi-structured interviews. Findings were analysed using template analysis. Findings: Limited established occupational therapy procedures and role models meant that the students created and used knowledge differently from role-established placements. The procedural knowledge upon which students most heavily relied in previous placements was largely inaccessible to students. Students relied on occupational therapy conceptual and dispositional knowledge, with the support of their peer and supervisor to guide practice. Tensions were seen between providing a service for the school and taking the necessary time to understand and implement the occupational therapy process systematically. Conclusion Role-emerging placements are valuable for transformational student learning. These placements do, however, present challenges that require careful negotiation and structured guidance. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85508

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Occupational justice within residential aged care settings – Time to focus on a collective approach / Sanetta HJ du Toit in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 578-581 Titre : Occupational justice within residential aged care settings – Time to focus on a collective approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sanetta HJ du Toit ; Daleen Casteleijn ; Fasloen Adams ; Mark Morgan-Brown Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 578-581 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619840180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Whole-setting assessments  whole-setting interventions  long-term care  meaningful engagement  occupational therapy Résumé : Occupational therapists promote meaningful engagement in occupations and associated role continuity, and encourage agency and citizenship. A lack of engagement can be understood as occupational deprivation, alienation and marginalisation, which are concepts associated with occupational injustice. However, occupational injustices associated with collectives, such as residential aged care settings, receive little professional attention. This article encourages the occupational therapy profession to research and develop practice addressing occupational injustice within collectives, specifically in residential aged care settings. Proposed key considerations include environmental adaptations, creating occupational spaces and upskilling staff to promote citizenship, agency and self-determination for residents. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85509 [article] Occupational justice within residential aged care settings – Time to focus on a collective approach [texte imprimé] / Sanetta HJ du Toit ; Daleen Casteleijn ; Fasloen Adams ; Mark Morgan-Brown . - 2019 . - p. 578-581. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619840180 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 578-581 Mots-clés : Whole-setting assessments  whole-setting interventions  long-term care  meaningful engagement  occupational therapy Résumé : Occupational therapists promote meaningful engagement in occupations and associated role continuity, and encourage agency and citizenship. A lack of engagement can be understood as occupational deprivation, alienation and marginalisation, which are concepts associated with occupational injustice. However, occupational injustices associated with collectives, such as residential aged care settings, receive little professional attention. This article encourages the occupational therapy profession to research and develop practice addressing occupational injustice within collectives, specifically in residential aged care settings. Proposed key considerations include environmental adaptations, creating occupational spaces and upskilling staff to promote citizenship, agency and self-determination for residents. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85509

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The usefulness of the Evaluation of Social Interaction in a mother and baby mental health unit / Belinda Williams in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 582-587 Titre : The usefulness of the Evaluation of Social Interaction in a mother and baby mental health unit Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Belinda Williams ; Gill Chard Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 582-587 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619835399 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social interaction  occupation  parenting  mother and baby  social skills  evaluation of social interaction  perinatal mental health services  occupational therapy Résumé : Statement of context: Perinatal services treat mothers with mental health problems while supporting and enabling mother–infant bonding and attachment alongside the occupational demands of safe and effective parenting. Critical reflection on practice: Robust assessment and evidence-based interventions appropriate to this setting are required, but the efficacy of these for mothers diagnosed with mental health problems in the perinatal period is unknown. The Evaluation of Social Interaction was introduced into a mother and baby mental health unit to address this need. Implications for practice: The Evaluation of Social Interaction provided specific information on social interaction skills that supported and limited competent social interactions necessary for mothering, enabling mothers to understand strengths and limitations when interacting with their babies and other key social partners during parenting occupations. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85510 [article] The usefulness of the Evaluation of Social Interaction in a mother and baby mental health unit [texte imprimé] / Belinda Williams ; Gill Chard . - 2019 . - p. 582-587. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619835399 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 582-587 Mots-clés : Social interaction  occupation  parenting  mother and baby  social skills  evaluation of social interaction  perinatal mental health services  occupational therapy Résumé : Statement of context: Perinatal services treat mothers with mental health problems while supporting and enabling mother–infant bonding and attachment alongside the occupational demands of safe and effective parenting. Critical reflection on practice: Robust assessment and evidence-based interventions appropriate to this setting are required, but the efficacy of these for mothers diagnosed with mental health problems in the perinatal period is unknown. The Evaluation of Social Interaction was introduced into a mother and baby mental health unit to address this need. Implications for practice: The Evaluation of Social Interaction provided specific information on social interaction skills that supported and limited competent social interactions necessary for mothering, enabling mothers to understand strengths and limitations when interacting with their babies and other key social partners during parenting occupations. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85510

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An investigation of the pretend play abilities of children with an acquired brain injury / Bridget Dooley in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019)

Public ISBD [article]  inThe British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 588-596 Titre : An investigation of the pretend play abilities of children with an acquired brain injury Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bridget Dooley ; Karen Stagnitti ; Jane Galvin Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p. 588-596 Note générale : doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836941 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cognitive fatigue  symbolic play  assessment  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction This study describes the self-initiated pretend play abilities of children who had sustained an acquired brain injury. Method A non-experimental study was conducted with 26 children with acquired brain injury (15 females, mean age 5.08 years, SD 1.58 years), who were out of post-traumatic amnesia, able to sit independently and engage in a play session. The children were assessed individually on one occasion using the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment. Findings All children in the study presented with pretend play deficits, particularly in symbolic play. Inattention, distractibility and limited concentration were common behaviours of the children. Three quarters of the sample (76.48%) were unable to complete the time of the assessment. For many of the children the cessation of their play was sudden and abrupt, even for those who showed complex play ability. Conclusion Cognitive fatigue is argued to have impacted on the children’s play ability due to the considerable amount of cognitive effort required to engage in pretend play. Implications for intervention are to offer short sessions for children with acquired brain injury and pay particular attention to a child’s symbolic play within pretend play ability. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85511 [article] An investigation of the pretend play abilities of children with an acquired brain injury [texte imprimé] / Bridget Dooley ; Karen Stagnitti ; Jane Galvin . - 2019 . - p. 588-596. doi.org/10.1177/0308022619836941 Langues : Anglais (eng) in The British Journal of Occupational Therapy > Vol. 82 Issue 9 (Septembre 2019) . - p. 588-596 Mots-clés : Cognitive fatigue  symbolic play  assessment  occupational therapy Résumé : Introduction This study describes the self-initiated pretend play abilities of children who had sustained an acquired brain injury. Method A non-experimental study was conducted with 26 children with acquired brain injury (15 females, mean age 5.08 years, SD 1.58 years), who were out of post-traumatic amnesia, able to sit independently and engage in a play session. The children were assessed individually on one occasion using the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment. Findings All children in the study presented with pretend play deficits, particularly in symbolic play. Inattention, distractibility and limited concentration were common behaviours of the children. Three quarters of the sample (76.48%) were unable to complete the time of the assessment. For many of the children the cessation of their play was sudden and abrupt, even for those who showed complex play ability. Conclusion Cognitive fatigue is argued to have impacted on the children’s play ability due to the considerable amount of cognitive effort required to engage in pretend play. Implications for intervention are to offer short sessions for children with acquired brain injury and pay particular attention to a child’s symbolic play within pretend play ability. Permalink : ./index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85511

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